Peripheral Nerve Disorders

Question 1

mononeuropathy

Answer 1

weakness, numbness, pain, paresthesia confined to the distribution of the one involved nerve

Question 2

common causes of mononeuropathy

Answer 2

entrapment, trauma, prolonged limb immobility

Question 3

neuropraxia

Answer 3

mild
local myelin damage, axon remains intact

Question 4

axonotmesis

Answer 4

continuity of axon lost
may include damage to epineurium, perineurium, endoneurium
loss of continuity leads to wallerian degeneration

Question 5

neurotmesis

Answer 5

complete transection of nerve
surgery necessary

Question 6

regenerative sprouting

Answer 6

damage to one axon and death of the postsynaptic neuron

connects to adjacent postsynaptic neuron

Question 7

collateral sprouting

Answer 7

death of one presynaptic neuron

branches off and connects to another

Question 8

multiple mononeuropathy

Answer 8

involves two or more individual nerves in different parts of the body

producing a randon, asymmetrical presentation of signs

Question 9

vasculitis

Answer 9

dangerous cause of multiple mononeuropathy

fever, fatigue, weight loss, muscle/joint pain

Question 10

polyneuropathy

Answer 10

symmetrical involvement of sensory, motor and autonomic

Question 11

polyneuropathy presents how

Answer 11

distal to proximal
feet to legs to fingertips to hands
affects longest peripheral nerves in extremities

Question 12

causes of polyneuropathy?

Answer 12

diabetes ***
autoimmune disease
kidney disease
HIV/liver infxn
low B12 vit
poor circulation in LEs
underactive thyroid
trauma
tumor
alcoholism

Question 13

early in the disease of polyneuropathy, what are some sensory symptoms you will see

Answer 13

loss of temp
pain - hypo or hyper

Question 14

early in the disease of polyneuropathy, what are some motor involvement symptoms you will see

Answer 14

weakness
cramping
fasciculations
muscle loss

Question 15

early in the disease of polyneuropathy, what are some autonomic involvement symptoms you will see

Answer 15

impaired breathing
GI
dysarthria

Question 16

as the polyneuropathy progresses, what are some sensory involvement symptoms you will see

Answer 16

loss of vibration
loss of light touch discrimination
loss of proprioception/kinesthesia

Question 17

as the polyneuropathy progresses, what are some motor involvement symptoms you will see

Answer 17

bone degeneration
loss of ankle reflexes
trophic changes

Question 18

as the polyneuropathy progresses, what are some autonomic involvement symptoms you will see

Answer 18

temp dysregulation - decrease sweating
loss of bowel/bladder control, erectile dysfunction
loss of BP - OH

Question 19

diabetic polyneuropathy

Answer 19

blood vessel and nerve damage due to high blood glucose levels and triglycerides

Question 20

prognosis of diabetic polyneuropathy

Answer 20

can be prevented
progress slowly, recovery slow
depends on management
treating diabetes may halt progression

Question 21

polyneuropathy intervention strategies

Answer 21

aerobic conditioning
balance training
resistance training
pt education

Question 22

recommendation for aerobic conditioning when treating polyneuropathy

Answer 22

150 minutes/wk
50-70% HRmax
mRPE 5-7, RPE 14-16

Question 23

what is important to remember about balance training when treating polyneuropathy

Answer 23

CANNOT improve sensory loss
must strengthen other balance systems to compensate