Nystagmus

Question 1

up beating nystagmus caused by

Answer 1

focal brainstem lesions
cerebellar lesions
cancer
wernickes syndrome
side effect of nicotine and alcohol intoxication

Question 2

down beating nystagmus is caused by what

Answer 2

mainly chiari malformation

also: cerebellar degenerations/injury, demyelinating disease, drugs (amiodarone), MS, or its idiopathic

Question 3

down beating nystagmus is the cardinal sign for what? especially with lateral gaze

Answer 3

paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration syndrome

Question 4

pure torsional nystagmus is mostly associated with what

Answer 4

lesions to medulla or cerebellar peduncles - lateral medullary syndrome

Question 5

what is pure torsional nystagmus also seen with

Answer 5

midbrain lesions that impact CN3 nuclei

sometimes with superior SCC dehiscence