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Neuro 2 > A&P Review > Flashcards

A&P Review Flashcards

1
Q

role of peripheral and central vestibular systems

A

estimates body position/movement
postural control
control eye movement
autonomic function and consciousness
project information throughout our cortex, brainstem and cerebellum

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2
Q

pitch

A

flexion / extension

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3
Q

yaw

A

rotation

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4
Q

roll

A

lateral flexion

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5
Q

peripheral 3 primary functions

A
  1. stabilize visual images on the fovea of the retina during head movement allow for clear vision
  2. maintain postural instability, especially during movement of head
  3. provide information for spatial orientation
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6
Q

the vestibular labyrinth contains what

A

bony and membranous labyrinth

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7
Q

bony labyrinth contains what and what is it

A

perilymphatic fluid + supportive connective tissue
suspension system that keeps away from the bone

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8
Q

how does the bony labyrinth communicate with CSF

A

via cochlear aqueduct

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9
Q

what does the membranous labyrinth contain

A

endolymph fluid, vestibule, 3 semicircular canals

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10
Q

what is the vestibule

A

otolith organs: utricle and saccule

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11
Q

the otolith organs relay info how

A

linear acceleration/deceleration of head/neck & static head position

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12
Q

utricle detects movement in the ____ plane

A

horizontal

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13
Q

saccule detects movement in the _____ plane

A

vertical

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14
Q

stereocilia/hair cells motion receptors do what

A

transduce minute displacements into behaviorally relevant potentials

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15
Q

movement of stereocilia towards kinocilium:

A

excitatory

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16
Q

movement of stereocilia away from kinocilium:

A

inhibitatory

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17
Q

what is the layer on top of the macula

A

otoconia

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18
Q

what is the otoconia

A

calcium carbonate crystals
heavier

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19
Q

why are the otoconia heavier

A

help exaggerate gravitational pull to excite/inhibit easier

20
Q

utricle: stereocilia located on the ___ of the organ, kinocilium position towards ____

A

floor
midline

21
Q

saccule: stereocilia located on ___ of organ, kinocilium positioned towards ____

A

medial wall
lateral

22
Q

ampulla is what

A

bulbous formation at the start or finish of each canal

23
Q

what does the ampulla contain

A

cupula which houses stereocilia
not gravity dependent
endolymph moves in opposite direction
NO kinocilium

24
Q

direction of hair cell displacement in relation to the _____ dictates the type of polarized response elicited

A

utricle

25
Q

TOWARDS utricle

A

utriculopedal cupular displacement

26
Q

AWAY from utricle

A

utriculofugal cupular displacmeent

27
Q

utriculopedal cupular displacement is ___ for the horizontal canal and _____ for the anterior/posterior canal

A

excitatory
inhibitory

28
Q

utriculofugal cupular displacement is ___ for the anterior/posterior canal and _____ for the horizontal canal

A

excitatory
inhibitory

29
Q

what artery supplies the vestibular labyrinth

A

labyrinthine artery

30
Q

what supplies the vestibular nerve, utricle, ampullae of anterior and horizontal SCC

A

anterior vestibular artery

31
Q

what supplies the cochlea, ampulla of posterior SCC, saccule

A

common cochlear artery

32
Q

generates eye movements that enable clear vision while head is in motion

A

vestibulo-ocular reflex VOR

33
Q

generates compensatory body movement to maintain head and postural stability

A

vestibulospinal reflex VSR

34
Q

acts on neck musculature to stabilize the head

A

vestibulocollic reflex VCR

35
Q

interacts closely with VOR
eye movements driven by neck proprioceptors

A

cervico-ocular reflex COR

36
Q

changes in limb position driven by neck afferent activity
can supplement VSR

A

cervicospinal reflex CSR

37
Q

helps stabilize head on body
afferent input caused by changes in neck position –> contrlateral reflexive contraction of appropriate neck muscles

A

cervicocollic reflex CCR

38
Q

which nuclei is the principle vestibular relay

A

lateral nucleus

39
Q

which nuclei does VOR and VSR relay

A

medial nucleus

40
Q

which nuclei does VOR relay

A

superior nucleus

41
Q

which nuclei does cerebellar and reticular formation relay

A

inferior nucleus

42
Q

which vestibulospinal tracts travels to the thoracic spinal cord to extensor musculature?

head/body position in space
walking upright
righting and equilibrium reactions

A

lateral vestibulospinal tract

43
Q

which vestibulospinal tract travels to the cervical spinal cord to extensor musculature?

head movements
integrating head/eye movements

A

medial vestibulospinal tract

44
Q

VOR/VSR suppression does what

A

flocculonodular node leads to inhibitory drive to VOR/VSR

45
Q

vestibulocerebellar tract does what

A

intended vs actual movement/error correcting mechanism

vestibular nuclei to flocculonodular node

46
Q

what does the cerebellar-cortical loop do

A

adaptation of postural responses based on prior experiences
central integrative data

flocculonodular node to vestibular cortex

Neuro 2 (37 decks)

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