Peripheral Lymphatics

Question 1

Possible Conditions

Answer 1

1. Arterial Occlusion
2. DVT
3. Pulmonary Embolism
4. Compartment Syndrome

Question 2

Arterial Occlusion

Answer 2

claudication-a condition in which cramping pain in the leg is induced by exercise, typically caused by obstruction of the arteries

Question 3

DVT S&S

Answer 3

• swelling
• pain
• redness
• warmth
• worsening pain with foot bending
• leg cramps at night
• discoloration

Question 4

Pulmonary Embolism S&S

Answer 4

• anxiety
• clammy/bluish skin
• pain (chest, arm, jaw, neck, shoulder)
• irregular heartbeat

Question 5

Compartment Syndrome S&S

Answer 5

• pain
• pallor
• pulselessness
• polar sensation
• paresthesia
• paralysis

Question 6

Important Health History Questions

Answer 6

• pain or cramps
• skin changes
• swelling
• lymph node enlargement
• medications

Question 7

Physical Exam- Arm

Things to Remember

Answer 7

• Profile Sign- clubbing

- epitrochlear lymph node

Question 8

Epitrochlear Lymph Nodes

Answer 8

between biceps and triceps muscles

Question 9

Physical Exam- Legs

Things to Remember

Answer 9

• calf muscle

- inguinal lymph nodes

Question 10

4 Pulse Locations in Leg

Answer 10

1. Femoral Pulse
2. Popliteal Pulse
3. Posterior Tibial Pulse
4. Dorsalis Pedis Pulse

Question 11

3 Pulse Locations in Arm

Answer 11

1. Radial Pulses
2. Ulnar Pulses
3. Brachial Pulses

Question 12

Allen’s Test

Answer 12

1. Depress radial and ulner arteries
2. Pt opens and closes fist
3. Normal- blood returns

Question 13

Manual Compression Test

Answer 13

1. Compress vein in calf

2. Feel for wave (no wave- competent valves, wave- incompetent valve)

Question 14

Ankle Brachial Index

Answer 14

• anything less than 1 is abnormal

Ankle Systolic Pressure/Arm Systolic Pressure=Ankle Brachial Index

Question 15

Peripheral Vascular Disease

Answer 15

• Reynaud’s Phenomenon

- Lymphedema

Question 16

Reynaud’s Phenomenon

Answer 16

spasms of arteries cause episode of reduced blood flow (typically fingers, sometimes toes, rarely nose, ears, lips)

Question 17

Arterial Disease S&S

Answer 17

• deep muscle pain
• intermittent claudication
• chronic or sudden
• worse with activity
• relieved with rest
• decreased blood flow
• decreased availability of O2
• decreased nutrients

Question 18

Arterial Disease Risk Factors

Answer 18

• age
• genetics
• male
• diabetes
• HTN
• smoking
• obesity
• high cholesterol

Question 19

Venous Disease Risk Factors

Answer 19

• achy, tired, feeling of fullness
• acute feels sharp or tender with palpitation
• increases as day goes on
• edema
• signs and symptoms of metabolic waste buildup

Question 20

Venous Disease Relieving Factors

Answer 20

• edema
• varicosities
• weeping ulcers at ankle

Question 21

Venous Disease Risk Factors

Answer 21

• prolonged standing/sitting
• bed rest
• heart failure
• thrombophlebitis
• trauma
• surgery

Question 22

Developmental Considerations: Infants and Children

Answer 22

• transient acrocyanosis and skin mottling in newborns
• by 6 lymphoid tissue reaches adult size
• respiratory infection and enlarged tonsils

Question 23

Transient Acrocyanosis

Answer 23

bluish discoloration of the extremities due to decreased amount of oxygen delivered to the peripheral part

Question 24

Developmental Considerations: Pregnancy

Answer 24

• palpable lymph nodes
• uterus obstructs drainage of iliac vein and inferior vena cava
• edema
• varicose veins

Question 25

Developmental Considerations: Older Adults

Answer 25

• arteriosclerosis
• atherosclerosis
• increased risk of DVT
• leg pulses harder to find
• arterial insufficiency

Question 26

8 Lab and Diagnostic Tests

Answer 26

1. Anteriogram
2. Vascular ultrasound
3. Anticoagulation Tests
4. Cholesterol and Triglycerides
5. Platelets
6. Hemoglobin A1C
7. Glucose Levels
8. Homocysteine

Question 27

____ are the first signs of arthritis, diabetes, nerve or circulatory disorders.

Answer 27

foot problems