Peripheral Lymphatics Flashcards
Possible Conditions
- Arterial Occlusion
- DVT
- Pulmonary Embolism
- Compartment Syndrome
Arterial Occlusion
claudication-a condition in which cramping pain in the leg is induced by exercise, typically caused by obstruction of the arteries
DVT S&S
- swelling
- pain
- redness
- warmth
- worsening pain with foot bending
- leg cramps at night
- discoloration
Pulmonary Embolism S&S
- anxiety
- clammy/bluish skin
- pain (chest, arm, jaw, neck, shoulder)
- irregular heartbeat
Compartment Syndrome S&S
- pain
- pallor
- pulselessness
- polar sensation
- paresthesia
- paralysis
Important Health History Questions
- pain or cramps
- skin changes
- swelling
- lymph node enlargement
- medications
Physical Exam- Arm
Things to Remember
- Profile Sign- clubbing
- epitrochlear lymph node
Epitrochlear Lymph Nodes
between biceps and triceps muscles
Physical Exam- Legs
Things to Remember
- calf muscle
- inguinal lymph nodes
4 Pulse Locations in Leg
- Femoral Pulse
- Popliteal Pulse
- Posterior Tibial Pulse
- Dorsalis Pedis Pulse
3 Pulse Locations in Arm
- Radial Pulses
- Ulnar Pulses
- Brachial Pulses
Allen’s Test
- Depress radial and ulner arteries
- Pt opens and closes fist
- Normal- blood returns
Manual Compression Test
- Compress vein in calf
2. Feel for wave (no wave- competent valves, wave- incompetent valve)
Ankle Brachial Index
- anything less than 1 is abnormal
Ankle Systolic Pressure/Arm Systolic Pressure=Ankle Brachial Index
Peripheral Vascular Disease
- Reynaud’s Phenomenon
- Lymphedema
Reynaud’s Phenomenon
spasms of arteries cause episode of reduced blood flow (typically fingers, sometimes toes, rarely nose, ears, lips)
Arterial Disease S&S
- deep muscle pain
- intermittent claudication
- chronic or sudden
- worse with activity
- relieved with rest
- decreased blood flow
- decreased availability of O2
- decreased nutrients
Arterial Disease Risk Factors
- age
- genetics
- male
- diabetes
- HTN
- smoking
- obesity
- high cholesterol
Venous Disease Risk Factors
- achy, tired, feeling of fullness
- acute feels sharp or tender with palpitation
- increases as day goes on
- edema
- signs and symptoms of metabolic waste buildup
Venous Disease Relieving Factors
- edema
- varicosities
- weeping ulcers at ankle
Venous Disease Risk Factors
- prolonged standing/sitting
- bed rest
- heart failure
- thrombophlebitis
- trauma
- surgery
Developmental Considerations: Infants and Children
- transient acrocyanosis and skin mottling in newborns
- by 6 lymphoid tissue reaches adult size
- respiratory infection and enlarged tonsils
Transient Acrocyanosis
bluish discoloration of the extremities due to decreased amount of oxygen delivered to the peripheral part
Developmental Considerations: Pregnancy
- palpable lymph nodes
- uterus obstructs drainage of iliac vein and inferior vena cava
- edema
- varicose veins
