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NURS 252 > Hair, Skin and Nails > Flashcards

Hair, Skin and Nails Flashcards

1
Q

Mongolia Spot

A

bruise-looking spot on baby’s back and buttocks

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2
Q

Erythema Toxicum

A

raised red rash all over torso (Paul had these)

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3
Q

Cutis Marmorata

A

blotchy looking veiny appears in trunk and extremities of children in colder temperatures

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4
Q

Milia

A

tiny white papules on baby’s face

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5
Q

Stork Bite

A

flat, irregularity shaped red or pink patch found on forehead, back of neck, eyelids, or upper lip of baby

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6
Q

Open Comedones

A

blackheads

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7
Q

Lentigines

A

sun spots on older people

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8
Q

Seborrheic Keratosis

A

brown scaly plaques

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9
Q

Sebaceous Hyperplasia

A

raised yellow papules with central depression

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10
Q

Annular

A

begins in centre and spreads to periphery (round)

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11
Q

Confluent

A

lesions that merge together

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12
Q

Discrete

A

distinct, individual lesions that remain seperate

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13
Q

Grouped

A

clusters of lesions

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14
Q

Gyrate

A

twisted, coiled, spiral, snakelike

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15
Q

Target

A

resembles iris of eye, concentric rings of colour in the lesions

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16
Q

Polycyclic

A

annular lesions that grow together

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17
Q

Linear

A

a scratch, streak, line or stripe

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18
Q

Zosteriform

A

linear arrangement along a nerve route

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19
Q

Macule

A

solely a colour change, flat and circumscribed, less than 1cm in diameter

20
Q

Patch

A

macule greater than 1cm in diameter

21
Q

Papule

A

solid, elevated, circumscribed, less than one cm in diameter caused by superficial thickening in the epidermis

22
Q

Plaque

A

papules that coalesce to form surface elevation wider than one cm, a plateau-like, disc-shaped lesion

23
Q

Nodule

A

solid, elevated, hard or soft, less than one cm in diameter, may extend deeper into dermis than papule

24
Q

Tumour

A

larger than a few cm, firm or soft, deeper into dermis, may be benign or malignant

25
Q

Wheal

A

superficial, raised, transient, and erythematous, slightly irregular shape because of edema

26
Q

Urticaria

A

wheals that coalesce to form extensive reaction ; intensely pruritic

27
Q

Vesicle

A

blister, elevated cavity containing free fluid, up to one cm, clear serum flows if wall is ruptured

28
Q

Bulla

A

usually single-chambered, superficial in epidermis, thin walled, easily ruptured

29
Q

Cyst

A
  • encapsulated fluid-filled cavity in dermis or subcutaneous layer, tensly elevating skin
30
Q

Crust

A

-the thickened, dried out exudate left when vesicles/pustules burst or dry up; colour can be red-brown, honey-like, or yellow, depending on the fluid’s ingredients

31
Q

Fissure

A
  • linear crack with abrupt edges , extending into dermis, dry or moist
32
Q

Pustule

A
  • cavity filled with turbid fluid, circumscribed and elevated
33
Q

Scale

A
  • compact, desiccated flakes of skin, dry or greasy, silvery or white, from shedding of dead excess keratin cells
34
Q

Erosion

A

scooped-out but shallow depression; superficial; epidermis lost; moist but no bleeding; healing without scar because erosion does note extend into dermis

35
Q

Ulcer

A

deeper depression extending into dermis, irregular shape, may bleed, leaves scar whean healed

36
Q

Excoriation

A

self-inflicted abrasion, superficial, sometimes crusted scratches from intense itching

37
Q

Scar

A

connective tissue (collagen) that replaces normal tissue after a skin lesion is repaired; a permanent fibrotic change

38
Q

Lichenification

A

thickening of skin with production of tightly packed sets of papules, caused by prolonged intense scratching; looks like surface of moss

39
Q

Keloid

A

a hypertrophic scar, elevation of the resulting skin level by excess scar tissue, which is invasive beyond the site of original injury

40
Q

Onycholysis

A

slow, persistent fungal infection of fingernails and more often toenails common in older adults

41
Q

Habit-Tic Dystrophy

A

depression down middle of nail or multiple horizontal ridges, caused by continuos picking of cuticle by another finger of same hand, which causes injury to nail base and matrix

42
Q

ABCDE Skin Examination

A 
A- Asymmetry 
B- Border 
C- Colour
D- Diameter
E- Evolution, enlargement, elevation
43
Q

Cyanosis

A
  • from chronic heart or ling de sat (central)
  • exposure to cold or anxiety (peripheral)
  • located on lips and nail beds
44
Q

Carotenimia

A
  • from eating too much orange produce
  • usually on soles of hands and feet
  • orange in color
45
Q

Jaundice

A
  • yellow
  • liver disease
  • sclera. hard palate, mucous membranes, skin
46
Q

Erythema

A
  • red
  • inflammation/infection
  • polycythema
  • carbon monoxide
  • all over body
47
Q

Mobility and Turgor is best tested

A

on anterior chest for accuracy

NURS 252 (11 decks)

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