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NURS 252 > Hair, Skin and Nails > Flashcards

Hair, Skin and Nails Flashcards

1
Q

Mongolia Spot

A

bruise-looking spot on baby’s back and buttocks

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2
Q

Erythema Toxicum

A

raised red rash all over torso (Paul had these)

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3
Q

Cutis Marmorata

A

blotchy looking veiny appears in trunk and extremities of children in colder temperatures

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4
Q

Milia

A

tiny white papules on baby’s face

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5
Q

Stork Bite

A

flat, irregularity shaped red or pink patch found on forehead, back of neck, eyelids, or upper lip of baby

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6
Q

Open Comedones

A

blackheads

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7
Q

Lentigines

A

sun spots on older people

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8
Q

Seborrheic Keratosis

A

brown scaly plaques

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9
Q

Sebaceous Hyperplasia

A

raised yellow papules with central depression

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10
Q

Annular

A

begins in centre and spreads to periphery (round)

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11
Q

Confluent

A

lesions that merge together

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12
Q

Discrete

A

distinct, individual lesions that remain seperate

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13
Q

Grouped

A

clusters of lesions

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14
Q

Gyrate

A

twisted, coiled, spiral, snakelike

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15
Q

Target

A

resembles iris of eye, concentric rings of colour in the lesions

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16
Q

Polycyclic

A

annular lesions that grow together

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17
Q

Linear

A

a scratch, streak, line or stripe

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18
Q

Zosteriform

A

linear arrangement along a nerve route

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19
Q

Macule

A

solely a colour change, flat and circumscribed, less than 1cm in diameter

20
Q

Patch

A

macule greater than 1cm in diameter

21
Q

Papule

A

solid, elevated, circumscribed, less than one cm in diameter caused by superficial thickening in the epidermis

22
Q

Plaque

A

papules that coalesce to form surface elevation wider than one cm, a plateau-like, disc-shaped lesion

23
Q

Nodule

A

solid, elevated, hard or soft, less than one cm in diameter, may extend deeper into dermis than papule

24
Q

Tumour

A

larger than a few cm, firm or soft, deeper into dermis, may be benign or malignant

25
Wheal
superficial, raised, transient, and erythematous, slightly irregular shape because of edema
26
Urticaria
wheals that coalesce to form extensive reaction ; intensely pruritic
27
Vesicle
blister, elevated cavity containing free fluid, up to one cm, clear serum flows if wall is ruptured
28
Bulla
usually single-chambered, superficial in epidermis, thin walled, easily ruptured
29
Cyst
- encapsulated fluid-filled cavity in dermis or subcutaneous layer, tensly elevating skin
30
Crust
-the thickened, dried out exudate left when vesicles/pustules burst or dry up; colour can be red-brown, honey-like, or yellow, depending on the fluid's ingredients
31
Fissure
- linear crack with abrupt edges , extending into dermis, dry or moist
32
Pustule
- cavity filled with turbid fluid, circumscribed and elevated
33
Scale
- compact, desiccated flakes of skin, dry or greasy, silvery or white, from shedding of dead excess keratin cells
34
Erosion
scooped-out but shallow depression; superficial; epidermis lost; moist but no bleeding; healing without scar because erosion does note extend into dermis
35
Ulcer
deeper depression extending into dermis, irregular shape, may bleed, leaves scar whean healed
36
Excoriation
self-inflicted abrasion, superficial, sometimes crusted scratches from intense itching
37
Scar
connective tissue (collagen) that replaces normal tissue after a skin lesion is repaired; a permanent fibrotic change
38
Lichenification
thickening of skin with production of tightly packed sets of papules, caused by prolonged intense scratching; looks like surface of moss
39
Keloid
a hypertrophic scar, elevation of the resulting skin level by excess scar tissue, which is invasive beyond the site of original injury
40
Onycholysis
slow, persistent fungal infection of fingernails and more often toenails common in older adults
41
Habit-Tic Dystrophy
depression down middle of nail or multiple horizontal ridges, caused by continuos picking of cuticle by another finger of same hand, which causes injury to nail base and matrix
42
ABCDE Skin Examination
``` A- Asymmetry B- Border C- Colour D- Diameter E- Evolution, enlargement, elevation ```
43
Cyanosis
- from chronic heart or ling de sat (central) - exposure to cold or anxiety (peripheral) - located on lips and nail beds
44
Carotenimia
- from eating too much orange produce - usually on soles of hands and feet - orange in color
45
Jaundice
- yellow - liver disease - sclera. hard palate, mucous membranes, skin
46
Erythema
- red - inflammation/infection - polycythema - carbon monoxide - all over body
47
Mobility and Turgor is best tested
on anterior chest for accuracy

NURS 252 (11 decks)

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