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NURS 252 > Neurological Assessment > Flashcards

Neurological Assessment Flashcards

1
Q

Broca’s Area

A

involved in the expressive aspects of spoken aspects of spoken and written language

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2
Q

Lateral & Anterior Sponothalmic Tract

A

carries sensations of pain, temperature, crude or light touch- cross the spinal column

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3
Q

Posterior Spinothalmic Columns

A

carries information about fine touch, position

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4
Q

Extrapyramidal Tracts

A

maintain muscle tone and gross movements

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5
Q

Corticospinal Fibres

A

mediate voluntary movement

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6
Q

Screening Neurological Exam

A
  • cranial nerves
  • motor system
  • sensory system
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7
Q

Complete Neurological Exam

A
  • mental health
  • cranial nerves
  • motor system
  • sensory system
  • reflexes
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8
Q

Neurological Recheck Exam

A
  • LOC
  • motor function
  • pupillary response
  • vital signs
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9
Q

Levels of Stimulus When Assessing Arousal

A
  1. Name called in normal tone of voice
  2. Name called in loud voice
  3. light touch
  4. Vigorous shake on the shoulder
  5. Pain applied
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10
Q

Somnolent

A

sleepy; drowsy

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11
Q

Obtunded

A

a state similar to lethargy in which the patient has a lessened interest in the environment, slowed responses to stimulation, and tends to sleep more than normal with drowsiness in between sleep states.

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12
Q

Decorticate Posture

A
  • arms up at chest
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13
Q

Decerebrate Posture

A
  • arm down by sides
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14
Q

Signs and Symptoms of Stroke

A 
-loss of strength 
numbness in the face, arm, or leg 
-difficulty speaking or understanding 
-confusion
-trouble with vision, even if temporary 
-severe and unusual headache 
-loss of balance, especially with any of the above signs 
F- Face (one side of the face is drooping) 
A- Arms (arm weakness) 
S- Speech (speech difficulty) 
T- Time (time to call for ambulance)
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15
Q

Cranial Nerve I

A
  • olfactory
  • smell
  • sensory
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16
Q

Cranial Nerve II

A
  • optic
  • vision
  • sensory
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17
Q

Cranial Nerve III

A
  • oculomotor
  • eye movement
  • pupil reflex
  • motor
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18
Q

Cranial Nerve IV

A
  • trochlear
  • eye movement
  • motor
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19
Q

Cranial Nerve V

A
  • trigeminal
  • face sensation
  • chewing
  • both
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20
Q

Cranial Nerve VI

A
  • abducens
  • look side to side
  • motor
21
Q

Cranial Nerve VII

A
  • facial
  • taste
  • both
22
Q

Cranial Nerve VIII

A
  • vestibulococular
  • hearing
  • equilibrium
  • sensory
23
Q

Cranial Nerve IX

A
  • glossopharyngeal
  • taste (back of tongue)
  • speech
  • both
24
Q

Cranial Nerve X

A
  • vagus
  • slowed heart rate
  • digestion
  • defecation
  • both
25
Q

Cranial Nerve XI

A
  • spinal accessory
  • shoulder shrug
  • motor
26
Q

Cranial Nerve XII

A
  • hypoglossal
  • tongue movement
  • motor
27
Q

Documenting Reflex Arc 4-0

A 
4+- very brisk, hyperactive with clonus
3+- brisker than average, may indicate disease 
2+- average, normal 
1+-  diminished , low normal 
0+ noresponse
28
Q

Reflex C5-C6

A
  • bicep

- brachioradialis

29
Q

Reflex C7-C8

A

tricep

30
Q

Reflex L5-S2

A

achilles

31
Q

Reflex T8-T12

A

abdominal

32
Q

Reflex L1-L2

A

testicle

33
Q

Reflex L4-S2

A

planter flexion of the toes

34
Q

Optical Blink Reflex

A

2, 3, 4,6

35
Q

Rooting and Sucking Reflex

A

5

- disappears after 3 months

36
Q

Facial Movements

A

7

37
Q

Swallowing/Gagging

A

9, 10

38
Q

Pinch Nose, Mouth Opens, Tongue Rises

A

12

39
Q

Landau Reflex

A

when held in horizontal prone position= maintain a convex arc with the head raised and legs slightly flexed
- reflex appears at 3 months

40
Q

Tonic Neck

A

turning to sound at 3-6 months

41
Q

Moro Reflex

A

tree hugger startle reflex disappears by 4 months, put arms up

42
Q

Tests Not Tested in Children Under 6

A
  • Sterognosis
  • Graphaesthesia
  • 2 point discrimination
  • sensory pain
43
Q

Normal Changes After 65

A
  • loss of sensation of vibration at the ankle

- loss of ankle jerk

44
Q

Brudzinski’s Sign

A

neck stiffness causes a patient’s hips and knees to flex when the neck is flexed.

45
Q

Kernig’s Sign

A

positive when the thigh is flexed at the hip and knee at 90 degree angles, and subsequent extension in the knee is painful

46
Q

Cushing’s Triad

A
  • huge gap
  • irregular resps
  • increased HR
47
Q

Non-Modifiable Risk Factors

A
  • age
  • gender
  • low birth rate
  • race/ethnicity
  • genetic factors
48
Q

Modifiable Risk Factors

A
  • poor diet
  • chronic and acute infections
  • exposure to pesticides
  • stress
  • heavy medal toxicity
49
Q

Stroke Risk Factors

A
  • CV disease
  • Hypertension
  • cigarette smoking
  • diabetes
  • atrial fibrillation
  • dyslipidemia
  • physical inactivity
  • obesity&fat distribution

NURS 252 (11 decks)

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