Eyes, and Ears Flashcards
Pingueculae
appear on the sclera, yellowish elevated nodules caused by a thickening of the bulbar conjunctiva as a result of prolonged exposure to the sun, wind, and dust
Pterygium
an opacity on the bulbar side conjunctiva but grows on the cornea
Arcus Senilis
- commonly seen around cornea
- grey white arc or circle around the limbus
- caused by deposition of lipid material
Xanthelasma
soft, raised yellow plaques on the eyelids at the inner canthus
Drusen
- benign degenerative hyaline deposits
Cranial nerves for movement of the eye
III
IV
VI
Cranial Nerves for Sight
II
Common Eye Changes in Pregnant Women
- dry eye
- thickened cornea
- changed curvature
- loss of accommodation
- related to pituitary hormones
- problematic if caused by gestational diabetes
Newborns and Infants
- dependent on smell and hearing
- by 3 months can follow objects
- by 4/5 have adult eyesight
- struggle to see depth differences in younger ages
Eye Changes in Older Adults
- lid starts to droop
- yellowing of sclera
- tearing decreases
- pupils shrink (hard night vision)
- lose accomodation
Immediate Eye Assessment is Needed If…
- penetrating eye injury
- fracture of orbital bone
- sudden loss of vision
Additional Health History Concerns for Children
- vag infection during delivery
- developmental milestones
- routine vision testing
- safety measures
- any discharge
- 2/30 vision common under age of 6
Additional Health History Concerns for Aging Adult
- visual difficulty
- glaucoma test
- cataracts
- eye dryness
- decreased activities
The only eye area that should be palpated is the….
lacrimal apparatus (red flag if sore or oozing)
Cardinal Position Test
follow the finger
Breastfeeding and Otitis Media
• Breastfeeding prevents otitis media with positioning during breastfeeding or antibodies in breast milk
Presbycusis
most common type of Sensorineural Hearing Loss caused by the natural aging of the auditory system. It occurs gradually and initially affects the ability to hear higher pitched (higher frequency) sounds.
