Breast and Regional Lymphatics Flashcards
How are the regions of the breast described
like a clock
Developmental Considerations in Newborns
breast enlargement due to maternal hormones
Developmental Considerations in Adolescents
- estrogen stimulates fat deposit and ductal system development
Tanner’s Staging
- staging of normal breast development
Thelarche
when breasts become evident
Menarche
first occurrence of menstruation
Developmental Considerations in Older Women
- atrophy of tissue due to decreased estrogen and progesterone
Gynecomastia
- male development of breasts
- problem in post-pubescent men
Mastitis
inflammation of breast tissue that sometimes involves an infection
S&S of Mastitis
breast pain, swelling, warmth and redness, fever and chills
Lactational Abscess
accumulation of pus in an area of the breast and frequently develops as a result of inadequately treated infectious mastitis.
S&S of Lactational Abscess
fever, chills, malaise, and recent or recurrent mastitis
Conditions Requiring Further Investigation
- new lump
- changed lump
- lump in axilla
- bloody nipple discharge
Health History Questions
- lump
- pain
- discharge
- rash
- swelling
- trauma
- breast disease
- surgery
- self-care
- BSE
- last mammogram
When is a history of breast cancer in the family the highest?
if it was a male relative
Inspect:
- size
- symmetry
- shape
- skin
- lymphatic drainage areas (axilla and superclavicular)
If a Lump is Present Note:
- location
- size
- shape
- consistency
- mobility
- distinctness
- nipple retraction
- overlying skin
- tenderness
- lymphadenopathy
Sernumery Nipples
- third, out of place nipples
When is the best time to give yourself a BSE?
- 7 days after period
- same time every month (post-menopause)
Pedigree Assessment Tool
PAT assesses risk of BC - age - ovarian cancer - male breast cancer in family - Ashkenazi Jewish heritage
When is routine mammogram recommended?
-50-74 yrs
Modifiable Risk Factors
- contraceptive use
- hormone replacement therapy
- alcohol intake
- obesity
- physical activity
- nulliparity (birth after 30)
Non-Modifiable Risk Factors
- gender
- age
- gene mutation
- family history
- menstruation before 11
- previous history
Fibroadenoma
Fibroadenomas often present as a palpable breast lump that might feel firm, smooth, rubbery or hard, perhaps like a pea or a grape.
