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Nursing Fundamentals > Perioperative Nursing > Flashcards

Perioperative Nursing Flashcards

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1
Q

All activities that prepare the patient for surgery

A

Preoperative

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2
Q

All activities that occur from the time the patient is transferred to OR until he is transferred to recovery

A

Intraoperative

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3
Q

From the time the patient is admitted to recovery and ends with the resolution of all surgical consequences

A

Postoperative

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4
Q

Satellite patient

A

23 1/2 hour stay

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5
Q

Surgery that confirms a diagnosis (ex. biopsy, endoscopy)

A

Diagnostic

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6
Q

Surgery that confirms type and extent of disease (ex. laprotomy)

A

Explorative

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7
Q

Surgery to repair or improve

A

Reconstructive

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8
Q

Type of surgery that replaces joint or organ (ex. knee replacement)

A

Transplant surgery

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9
Q

Surgery that removes or repairs diseased organ or structure (ex. appendectomy)

A

Curative

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10
Q

Surgery that alleviates pain or symptoms (ex. tumor debulking)

A

Palliative surgery

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11
Q

Type of surgery that preserves function or life of client. Could die ex. heart surgery

A

Emergent

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12
Q

Type of surgery that requires prompt attention within 24-48 hrs. ASAP ex. incision drainage

A

Urgent

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13
Q

Type of surgery that is indicated for health problems. ex. gallbladder surgery

A

Required surgery

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14
Q

Type of surgery that satisfies a client, nonurgent. Ex. tonsillectomy

A

Elective

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15
Q

Type of surgical facility located within 1 mile of hospital

A

Ambulatory surgical center

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16
Q

PONV

A

Post anesthesia nausea and vomiting

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17
Q

2 or more health conditions. Ex. Obesity and diabetes

A

Comorbidity

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18
Q

Surgery using small keyhole incisions

A

Laparoscopic Surgery

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19
Q

Ability of an organism to keep its body temperature within certain boundaries, even when the surrounding temperature is very different.

A

Thermoregulation

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20
Q

Body temperature of 96.8 or greater

A

Normothermia

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21
Q

Proof that antibiotic given within 1 hr of surgery is effective

A

Evidence based practice

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22
Q

An elevated resting energy expenditure (REE) 110% of predicted REE. Characterized by weight loss, anemia, high HR, excessive sweating, etc.

A

Hypermetabolic

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23
Q

An inherited severe reaction to certain drugs used for anesthesia. This severe reaction typically includes a dangerously high body temperature, rigid muscles or spasms, a rapid heart rate, etc.

A

Malignant hyperthermia

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24
Q

A medical emergency that occurs when your body loses heat faster than it can produce heat, causing a dangerously low body temperature. Below 95 degrees

A

Hypothermia

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25
Q

Urinary elimination post op minimum with foley

A

30 c.c. an hr

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26
Q

Urinary elimination post op without foley

A

Within 8 hrs of surgery

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27
Q

Another word for stable

A

Hemodynamic

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28
Q

Paralyzed bowel

A

Paralytic ileus

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29
Q

Actions taken to optimize recovery of patients after bowel surgery. Antibiotics, bowel prep, clear liquids up to 2 hrs before surgery.

A

ERAS - Enhanced recovery after surgery

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30
Q

Done to prevent fecal contamination for bowel surgeries

A

Bowel prep preop

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31
Q

Sequential compression device

A

SCD’s

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32
Q

Informed consent must be done by….

A

Surgeon and witnessed by nurse

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33
Q

Sedation during procedures that don’t require general anesthesia but do require you to remain calm and relaxed, such as a colonoscopy.

A

Versed

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34
Q

Antibiotics are given within ___ before incision and discontinued within___ hours

A

1 hr and 24 hrs

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35
Q

Coughing exercises

A
  • Opens alveoli to prevent pneumonia
  • Sitting position
  • Deep breath hold for 3 seconds then cough deeply 2 or 3 times
  • Done every 2-3 hrs post op
  • Contraindicated for brain and intraocular surgeries
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36
Q

Also known as sitting position, patient positioning is typically used for neurosurgery and shoulder surgeries.

A

Fowler’s position

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37
Q

Surgical position where patient is flat on their back

A

Supine

38
Q

Surgical position where patient is on their stomach

A

Prone

39
Q

Surgical position of the body for medical examination or operation in which the patient is placed head down on a table inclined at about 45 degrees from the floor with the knees uppermost and the legs hanging over the end of the table

A

Trendelenburg

40
Q

A common position for surgical procedures and medical examinations involving the pelvis and lower abdomen

A

Lithotomy

41
Q

Surgical position where the patient’s head and feet are both lower than the hips.

A

Kraske or Jackknife position

42
Q

When the patient is positioned with the non-operative side placed on the surgical surface.

A

Lateral position

43
Q

Device used to help you keep your lungs healthy after surgery or when you have a lung illness, such as pneumonia.

A

Incentive spirometer. Done every 1-2 hrs

44
Q

Antiembolic stockings must be removed how many times a day?

A

Twice daily

45
Q

OR BP is set for every ___ minutes

A

Every three minutes

46
Q

Assists the surgeon by providing him with required supplies. Must anticipate needs. Prepares sterile table

A

Scrub nurse (sterile)

47
Q

Manages care, protects patient safety and health needs. Monitors asepsis. Maintains count with scrub nurse

A

Circulating nurse (non-sterile)

48
Q

What is not sterile on scrubbed staff?

A

Anything below the waist and on back

49
Q

Unscrubbed staff must stay ___ ft away

A

One ft.

50
Q

Standard air exchange in OR

A

16-20 air exchanges an hour

51
Q

400-500 air exchanges an hour in OR

A

Laminar flow units

52
Q

Type of anesthesia that produces decreased sensation and pain to selected body parts

A

Regional or epidural

53
Q

Type of anesthesia that can trend upwards through body and cause respiratory distress

A

Regional

54
Q

Type of anesthesia that decreases consciousness. Helps to reduce the awareness of pain

A

Conscious sedation AKA moderate or procedural

55
Q

Anesthesia is removed from the body by what organ?

A

The lungs

56
Q

Catgut and chromic sutures

A

Absorbable sutures

57
Q

Nylon, synthetic, polypropylene and silk sutures. Used in wet body parts.

A

Non absorbable sutures

58
Q

Heavy reinforcing sutures used within muscles. Used to support primary suture line

A

Retention sutures

59
Q

Liquid adhesive suture

A

Dermabond

60
Q

EBL meaning

A

Estimate blood loss

61
Q

Sample of tissue sent for testing

A

“Frozen section”

62
Q

Excess CO2 in body

A

Hypercapnia

63
Q

Weakened pharynx after surgery. Pick up chin to improve breathing

A

Hypopharyngeal obstruction

64
Q

Blood loss greater than 500 ccs causing organ shut down

A

Hypovolemic shock

65
Q

Type of shock that causes cardiac pump failure

A

Cardiogenic shock

66
Q

Shock caused by spinal cord injury

A

Neurogenic shock

67
Q

Shock treatment

A
  • Modified Trendelenburg
  • Lactated Ringer IV
  • Blood product
68
Q

Slow oozing bleed comes from

A

Capillaries

69
Q

Dark red, quick bleed comes from

A

Veins

70
Q

Quick, bright red bleed comes from

A

Artery

71
Q

Rapid breathing

A

tachypnea

72
Q

Score scale used to determine if patient is able to be discharged from PACU

A

Aldrete score

73
Q

Minimum of 9 needed to be moved from PACU. Consciousness, mobility, breathing, circulation, and color

A

Aldrete Score

74
Q

Series of muscle contractions

A

Peristalsis

75
Q

Hot, red, painful, site with yellow drainage. 4 to 5 days after operation.

A

Signs of infection

76
Q

Condition where an area of the lungs collapses and leads to pneumonia, difficulty breathing. High mortality rate in children and seniors. Preventable with patient mobility

A

Atelectasis

77
Q

On demand pain medication

A

patient-controlled analgesia (PCA pump)

  • Must understand self-dose
  • Must be alert and oriented
78
Q

Pain relief using 2 drugs

A

Multimodal

79
Q

Red, swollen, shiny looking, extremity

A

DVT

80
Q

Scan used to determine airflow and blood flow in lungs

A

VQ scan (ventilation-perfusion scan)

81
Q

Medication that has cut down on DVT embolisms

A

Heparin

82
Q

*Wound Classification

Uninfected, no trauma or inflammation

A

Clean

83
Q

*Wound Classification

An incision through which the respiratory, alimentary or genitourinary tract is entered under controlled conditions but with no contamination encountered

A

Clean contaminated

84
Q

*Wound Classification

Open, Traumatic wound especially in GI tract. No drainage

A

Contaminated

85
Q

*Wound Classification

Wound with purulent drainage

A

Dirty

86
Q

Stages of Wound Healing

This phase begins at the time of injury and lasts up to four days.

A

Inflammatory phase

87
Q

Stages of Wound Healing

This phase begins about three days after injury and overlaps with the inflammatory phase.

A

Proliferative

88
Q

Stages of Wound Healing

This phase can continue for six months to one year after injury.

A

Remodeling

89
Q

Primary intention- suture
Secondary intention- granulation & fills in
Tertiary intention- deep wounds sutured later

A

Types of Wound Healing

90
Q

Wound dehiscence

A

Reopening of wound

91
Q

Protrusion of wound where organs come out

A

Wound eviseration

92
Q

77% of surgical patients who die succumb to_______

A

sepsis associated with infection

Nursing Fundamentals (19 decks)

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