Cardiac Function Flashcards
Primary functions of the heart
Transport Oxygen
Transport Nutrients
Deliver Waste Products to Organs
Right side circulation is
Pulmonary Circulation
Left side circulation is
Systemic circulation
What side is more muscular?
The left
The left side pumps through
the left ventricle
The heart pumps about ____ of blood a minute
5 quarts
A normal heart beats about ____ times a day
100,000 times
The three layers of the heart
Endocardium
Myocardium
Epicardium
The inner layer of the heart is
Endocardium
The middle layer of the heart is
Myocardium
The outer layer of the heart is
Epicardium
This layer lines the heart
endocardium
This layer is the muscle
Myocardium
This layer is the sac that surrounds the heart and attaches to the diaphragm and thorax
Epicardium
Valves prevent
backflow
Backflow causes
the heart to work harder
When a portion of the valve balloons backwards into the left atrium. Blood regurgitates back into the left atrium
Mitrovalve prolapse
MVP
Mitrovalve Prolapse
The gatekeepers of the heart
the valves
Maybe asymptomatic but is treated symptomatically
Mitrovalve prolapse
Impulses Stimulated from the SA Node in
the right atrium
Valve that separates the right atrium from the right ventricle
Tricuspid valve
Valve that separates the left atrium from the left ventricle
Mitral valve
Valve that separates the right ventricle from the pulmonary system
The pulmonary valve
Valve that separates the left ventricle from the aorta
The aortic valve
The pulmonary and aortic valves are called
Semilunar valves
The extensive network of vessels in the body is for the purpose of
Tissue perfusion
Gas exchange occurs in the
Capillaries
These blood vessels are thick walled to withstand constant pressure
Arteries
These blood vessels cannot withstand high pressure
capillaries
Valve problems are the major cause of
Low bloodflow
What can affect the valves?
Inflammation, infection, trauma, congenital defects
SA Node
Sino-Atrial Node
This is located in the anterior portion of the right atrium
SA node
This is called the pacemaker of the heart
Sinoatrial node (SA Node)
Firing rate of the SA node
60-100 bpm
AV Node
Atrioventricular Node
This receives the impulse from the SA node and blankets the impulse over the ventricles
AV node
Firing rate of the AV node
40-60 bpm
SA node responds to
electrolytes
Collection of heart muscle cells specialized for electrical conduction
Bundle of His
Firing rate of Bundle of His
30-40 bpm
Stimulation of the ventricular myocardial cells initiating contraction
Purkinje Fibers
Firing rate of Purkinje Fibers
20-30 bpm
If the electrical wiring of the heart does not fix in an efficient manner
the heart becomes an inefficient pump.
Adequate oxygenation to cells, tissues, organs, body systems may be compromised if the heart
is ineffective
In between systole and diastole, the heart
rests
Systole =
Contraction
Diastole =
Relaxation
During systole, the chambers of the heart become smaller, due to
Contraction of the myocardial cells.
During systole, blood is ejected from the Left ventricle into
the aorta
During diastole, the chambers of the heart expand, due to
Relaxation of the myocardial cells
During diastole,
filling of blood within the heart chambers, in preparation for
the next contraction
Diastole takes _____ in comparison to systole
twice as long
Each ventricle ejects approximately _________ of blood per heart beat
70mL
Total cardiac output per minute
5 L/min