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Chemistry A-Level > Period 3 A2 > Flashcards

Period 3 A2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Which elements react with cold water

A

Sodium and magnesium react with cold water to form hydroxides

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2
Q

How does magnesium react with oxygen

A

Forms MgO

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3
Q

How does aluminium react with oxygen

A

Forms Al2O3, but this forms a surface layer of oxide, stopping further reactions to occur

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4
Q

How does silicon react with oxygen

A

Forms SiO2

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5
Q

How does phosphorus react with oyxgen

A

Forms P4O10

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6
Q

How does sulphur react with oxygen

A

Forms SO2. This can react with further oxygen to form SO3 (with vanadium catalyst)

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7
Q

What is the trend in melting points of period 3 oxides

A

SO2 < SO3 < P4O10 < Na2O < SiO2 < Al2O3 < MgO

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8
Q

Explain the trend of melting points of SO2, SO3 and P4O10

A

P4O10 has the largest melting point as it is a larger molecule, increasing VdW forces

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9
Q

Why does SiO2 have a high melting point

A

Covalent macromolecular structure, strong covalent bonds, a lot of energy required to overcome

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10
Q

Explain the trend in melting points of Na2O, MgO and Al2O3

A

Increases with more valence electrons, stronger metallic bonding. Al2O3 is lowest due to distortion in the ions, showing partial covalency

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11
Q

What is formed when Na2O reacts with water

A

Forms a strong alkaline solution of Na+ and OH-

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12
Q

What is formed when MgO reacts with water

A

Forms a slightly alkaline solution of Mg2+ and OH-

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13
Q

What is formed when Al2O3 reacts with water

A

Insoluble in water

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14
Q

What is formed when SiO2 reacts with water

A

Insoluble in water

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15
Q

What is formed when P4O10 reacts with water

A

Forms acidic H3PO4, which dissociates to H+ and H2PO4-

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16
Q

What is formed when SO2 reacts with water

A

Forms weak acid H2SO3, which partially dissociates to H+ and HSO3-

17
Q

What is formed when SO3 reacts with water

A

Forms strong acid H2SO4, which dissociates to H+ AND HSO4-

18
Q

How does Na2O and MgO react with acids

A

Forms salts and water only

19
Q

How does Al2O3 react with acids and alkalis

A

Al2O3 + HCl -> AlCl3 + H2O

Al2O3 + NaOH + H2O -> NaAl(OH)4

20
Q

Define amphoteric oxide

A

Reacts with acids and alkalis

21
Q

How does SiO2 react with bases

A

SiO2 + NaOH -> Na2SiO3 + H2O

22
Q

How does H3PO4 react with bases

A

NaOH + H3PO4 -> Na3PO4 + H2O

23
Q

How does SO2 react with bases

A

SO2 + NaOH -> Na2SO3 + H2O

Chemistry A-Level (34 decks)

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