Introduction to Organic

Question 1

How to show the displayed formula

Answer 1

All bonds are shown with double or triple bonds

Question 2

How to show the structural formula

Answer 2

Each carbon is written separately with atoms or groups attached to each

Question 3

How to show the skeletal formula

Answer 3

Straight lines used for carbon-carbon bonds, hydrogens ignored. Extra molecules are written on ends of lines

Question 4

Example of alkane

Answer 4

Ethane

Question 5

Example of alkene

Answer 5

Ethene

Question 6

Functional group and example of haloalkane

Answer 6

R-X, bromoethane

Question 7

Functional group and example of alcohol

Answer 7

R-OH, ethanol

Question 8

Functional group and example of aldehyde

Answer 8

R-CHO, ethanal

Question 9

Functional group and example of ketone

Answer 9

R-CO-R, propanone

Question 10

Functional group and example of carboxylic acid

Answer 10

R-COOH, ethanoic acid

Question 11

Types of structural isomers

Answer 11

Positional, functional, chain

Question 12

What is positional isomerism

Answer 12

Position of functional group is changed

Question 13

What is functional isomerism

Answer 13

Functional group is changed

Question 14

What is chain isomerism

Answer 14

Longest carbon chain is changed

Question 15

Define structural isomerism

Answer 15

Same molecular formula, but different structural formula

Question 16

Define stereoisomerism

Answer 16

Same structural formula, but different spacial arrangement

Question 17

What is E-Z isomerism

Answer 17

Form of stereoisomerism, due to restricted rotation of carbon-carbon double bond

Question 18

How to do E-Z isomerism

Answer 18

If higher property atoms are on the same side, it’s Z.

If on different sides, it’s E.

Question 19

How to select which atom is higher property

Answer 19

The atom which has the higher atomic number is given the higher priority

Question 20

What are straight chain isomers

Answer 20

Isomers with all carbons in the longest chain