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Dental hygiene > Perio final > Flashcards

Perio final Flashcards

1
Q

Tissues of the periodontium

A

Gingiva, Cementum, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone

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2
Q

Gingiva

A

Tissue that covers the cervical portions of the teeth and the alveolar processes of the jaws

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3
Q

periodontal ligament

A

Fibers that surround the root of the tooth. One side attaches to bone and the other side attaches to cementum. Soft connective tissue that covers the root of a tooth. Dense fibrous connective tissue

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4
Q

Cementum

A

Thin layer of mineralized tissue that covers the root of the tooth

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5
Q

Alveolar bone

A

Bone that surrounds the roots of teeth. It forms the bony socket that supports and protects the root of the teeth

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6
Q

Where is the gingival margin located

A

Coronal to the CEJ of each tooth and attaches to the tooth by junctional epithelium

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7
Q

Four anatomical areas that the gingiva is divided into

A

Free gingiva, ginigival sulcus, interdental gingiva, attached gingiva

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8
Q

Free gingival groove

A

Shallow linear depression that separates the free and attached gingiva. Rarely visible

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9
Q

Mucogingival junction

A

Clinically visible boundary where the pink attached gingiva meets the red, shiny alveolar mucosa

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10
Q

Attached gingiva

A

Continuous with free gingiva; widest at in the incisor and molar region. Keratinized tightly connected to the cementum and alveolar bone. Allows gingival tissue to withstand mechanical forces. Dimpled or stippled

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11
Q

5 functions of the PDL

A

Support, sensory,Nutrition, Formative, Remodeling

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12
Q

What characteristic of cementum makes it possible for teeth to be moved during ortho treatment

A

Resistance to resorption

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13
Q

Acellular cementum

A

Forms before teeth are in occlusion

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14
Q

Cellular cementum

A

Forms after the teeth have reached occlusion

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15
Q

Where does cementum receive its nutrients from

A

PDL

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16
Q

sharpey fibers

A

Ends of the periodontal ligament fibers that are embedded in the cementum and alveolar bone

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17
Q

What can happen if teeth do not erupt

A

The alveolar bone does not develop

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18
Q

What type of epithelium makes up the oral cavity

A

Stratified squamous epithelium; functions well in a wet environment

19
Q

Fibroblasts

A

Cells that form Extracellular matrix and secrete into the intercellular spaces

20
Q

Macrophages and neutrophils

A

“Cell eaters” devour dying cells and microorganisms that invade the body

21
Q

Lymphocytes

A

Cells that play a major role in the immune response

22
Q

Specialized forms of connective tissue

A

Cementum, dentin, alveolar bone, pulp

23
Q

Free gingiva

A

Unattached portion of the gingiva that surrounds the tooth

24
Q

Gingival sulcus

A

Space between the free gingiva and the tooth surface

25
Q

What is the base of the sulcus formed by

A

Junctional epithelium

26
Q

Histology

A

Study of microscopic features of tissues

27
Q

Oral epithelium

A

Face oral cavity

28
Q

Sulcular epithelium

A

Faces he tooth surface without being in contact with the tooth surface; lines the sulcus

29
Q

Junctional epithelium

A

Attaches the gingiva to the tooth

30
Q

4 layer of the OE stratified squamous epithelium

A

(Deepest to superficial)
-basal cell
-prickle cell
-granular cell
-keratinized cell

31
Q

3 layer of the SE

A

-basal cell
-prickle cell
-superficial cell
Nonkeratinized because there is no keratinized layer

32
Q

2 layers of junctional epithelium

A

-basal cell
-prickle cell
Nonkeratinized

33
Q

Periodontal disease

A

Bacterial infection of the periodontium

34
Q

How soon can gingivitis be observed

A

4- 14 days after plaque biofilm accumulation in the gingival sulcus

35
Q

Acute gingivitis

A

Lasts a short period of time, appears swollen, fluid in the gingival Connective tissue

36
Q

Chronic gingivitis

A

Lasts for months or years

37
Q

Gingival pocket

A

Deepening of the gingival sulcus as a result of swelling or enlargement of the gingival tissue

38
Q

Pseudo pockets

A

Have no apical migration of the junctional epithelium

39
Q

Junctional epithelium in gingivitis

A

Detaches from the tooth resulting in a slight increased probing depth

40
Q

Gingival health the junctional epithelium

A

Attaches to the enamel of the tooth crown

41
Q

In periodontitis the Junctional epithelium attaches

A

To the cementum of the toot root

42
Q

Most common type of periodontal disease

A

Plaque induced gingivitis

43
Q

Systemic conditions for plaque induced gingival disease

A

Gender, hormones, pregnancy, hyperglycemia, leukemia, smoking, malnutrition

44
Q

What is the #1 tooth loss in adults

A

Bacterial infection

Dental hygiene (20 decks)

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