Dental health final Flashcards
1
Q
Formation of supra gingival calculus
A
Saliva
2
Q
Primary prevention
A
To prevent disease
3
Q
Secondary prevention
A
Treating early disease
4
Q
Tertiary prevention
A
Complex therapy
5
Q
Brass method
A
Filaments are parallel to long axis of the tooth 45 degree angle
6
Q
Fones
A
Best method for children to learn
7
Q
Neural sodium fluoride (NaF)
A
pH=7 foam, gel, rinse 2% solution, 9059ppm, doesnt stain, improved taste
8
Q
Acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF)
A
pH= 3.5 tissue compatible, 12300ppm, gel,foam, taste accepted contraindications pt with composite, porcelain, titanium, implants, titanium ortho applicances
9
Q
Stannous fluoride (SNF2)
A
Gel, unstable in aqueous solution, bad taste, gingival irritant, staining bactericidal, in tooth paste with whiting agent
10
Q
How is fluoride absorbed though the body
A
GI track
11
Q
Antimicrobial
A
Bacteriostatic
12
Q
Astringent
A
Shrinkage and arrests discharge
13
Q
Chemotherapeutic agent
A
Theapeutic reasons
14
Q
Chemotherapy
A
Treatment of disease w/ chemical/pharmaceutical agents
15
Q
Chx
A
Chlorhexidine
16
Q
Humectant
A
Used to retain moisture prevent hardening when exposed to air
17
Q
Inflammatory mediator
A
Chemical that impacts immune inflammatory process (usually used as an anti inflammatory mediator
18
Q
Substantivity
A
Ability to bind to pellicle, tooth and soft tissue and then released over a period of times/ retention of its potency
19
Q
Therapeutic rinse
A
Chem w/ therapeutic properties, rinse or irrigation
20
Q
What is for prevention of caries
A
Fluoride and xylitol
21
Q
Reminerization
A
Fluoride is used to enhance
22
Q
Reduction of biofilm formation
A
Triclosan, zinc citrate, stannous fluoride
23
Q
Reduction of gingivitis/inflammation
A
Triclosan=reduction in supragingival biofilm, gingival inflammation
24
Q
Substantivity for 12 hours
A
Triclosan + polyvinyl methoxyethyene + Maleic acid
25
Reduction of dentin hypersensitivity
5% potassium nitrate
26
Reduction of Supragingival calculus
Pyrophosphate salts, zinc salts, sodium hexametaphosphate, Triclosan/ copolymer
27
Surfactant/detergent
Foaming and cleansing Substances used: sodium lauryl sulfate USP, Sodium N-lauryl sarcosinate 1-2%
28
Abrasive
Cleaning and polishing
Abrasives used: calcium carbonate,Phosphate salts, hydrated aluminum oxide, silicas 20-40%
29
Binder
Thickening agent and stabilizes formula 1-2 %
30
humectant
Prevents water loss/Harding of dentifrice
Substances used: xylitol, Glycerol, Sorbitol 20-40%
31
Preservative
Prevents microorganisms from destroying the dentifrice in storage
Substance used: alcohol, benzoates, dichlorinated phenols 2-3 %
32
Flavoring
Sweetener Substances used: essential oils Noncaiogenic sweeteners xylitol, glycerol, sorbital 1-1.5%
33
Water
Maintain the ingredient in formulation
34
Substantivity
Ability of an active agent to be retained in the mouth and continue to release agents over a period of time with out losing its strength
35
1st generation mouthwash
Less Substantivity
36
2nd generation
Proven substantivity and antibacterial properties
37
What year did the ADA start
1931
38
Community water fluoridation
Grand Rapids, Michigan added fluoride to the areas water supply in 1945
39
Primary mineral in teeth
Calcium hydroxyapatite
40
Calcium fluoroapatite
Fluoride can be substituted to create, more stable in acidic environment
41
Fluoridated water lowers tooth decay by
25 % over a persons lifetime
42
What % of the population can access fluoridated water supply
74%
43
Systemic intake
Ingested and circulated throughout body. Fluoride is made available to teeth during formation as well as in saliva
44
Topical
Direct exposure to erupted teeth
45
Optimal concentration of water Fluoridation
0.7ppm
46
Acute toxicity
Rapid ingestion of excessive quantities over a short time
47
Chronic toxicity
Long term ingestion of a higher than therapeutic dose
48
Certainly leather dose CLD
Adults- 5-10g
Children- 0.5-1.0 g
49
Dental fluorosis
Chronic ingestion, mottled to pitted appearance in most incidence more resistant to Carie’s but have cosmetic problems
50
How much toothpaste would you need to eat before it would kill you
24- 6oz tubes- adult
51
Fluoride mechanism of action for desensitization
Occlude dentin tubules
52
Systemic fluoride
Longer lasting, in the water, supplements and foods, not for pregnant women
53
Interpersonal communication
Communication between 2 people or in a small group
54
Subjective data
Perceptions, values, emotions, knowledge, needs, wants
55
Informed consent
Pts understand and accept treatment
Liability
56
In 1901 Dr. Fredrick McKay noticed a stain in a specific area
Colorado brown stain
57
Triclosan is used to prevent what
Supragingival calculus
58
Which mouth rinse is linked to oral leukoplakia
Sanguinarine mouth wash
59
Where is the heavies location of subgingival calulus
Interproximal
60
How many days does it take for rapid calculus to form
10 days
61
Active ingredient that is used to fight calculus
Triclosan
62
Social interaction
Between people who come together to share ideas to solve a problem
63
Basic communication theory
People are more likely to feel a commitment to a goal if they share in its development and if the goal meets their individual needs
64
CARE
Comfort, Acceptance, Responsiveness, Empathy
65
Factors that influence goal development and commitment
Interest, Beliefs, Time, Ability/dexterity, Resources
66
Informed refusal
Persons choice not to accept treatment after being fully educated about risks and benefits, and alternatives associated with treatment
67
Assessments (objective data)
Health history, personal history, E&I, Periodontal exam, Restorative exam, Radiographs, Vital signs
68
Assessments (subjective data)
Perceptions, values, emotions, knowledge, comfort, acceptance, Responsiveness, needs ,wants
69
In planning
Pt should be co-therapist; active participant in development of treatment plan
70
Preventive
Method employed by clinician to promote and maintain oral health
71
4 crystals that form calcium phosphate
Hydroxyapatite 58%
Octacalcium phosphate 21%
Magnisum Whitlock 21%
Brushite 9%
72
Bacterial plaque
Most important etiological factor in gingival and periodontal disease and caries
73
Acellular, thin, formed by proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, forms with 30-90 minutes
Acquired pellicle
74
Roles of acquired pellicle
Protects, lubricants, acts as nidus, mode of calculus attachment
75
Microbial dental plaque
Non mineralized, organized mass of bacterial plaque
76
Stages in formation of plaque biofilm
Pellicle formation, bacterial colonization, biofilm growth, matrix formation
77
How often does bacterial plaque accumulate on teeth
Every 12-24 hours
78
Most common extrinsic stain
Yellow, green, tobacco, black line
79
Exogenous
Develops from sources outside tooth from exposure to environmental factors
80
Endogenous
Enveloped from with in the tooth: Always intrinsic
81
Endogenous intrinsic stains
Pulpless teeth, tetracyclines, imperfect tooth development, other systemic causes
82
Most frequent sites for supragingival calulus
Proximity of salivary ducts, crowns of teeth out of occlusion, non functioning teeth, teeth missed during homecare, dentures, surfaces for prosthesis, tongue rings
83
Subgingival biofilm ___ form by extension of supra gingival biofilm
Does
84
Sub gingival calculus ____ develop be direct extension from supra gingival calculus
Does not
85
Light calculus formers
Higher levels of parotid pyrophosphate
86
Heavy calculus formers
Higher saliva levels of calcium and phosphorus
87
Slow calculus take ____ days to form
20
88
Average calculus formation
12 days
89
What is the first choice for interproximal cleaning
Interdental brush; more effective than floss
90
Where do most gingival diseases start
Col area; nonkeratinized less resistant to bacteria
91
Phase 1: incipient lesion
Caries limited to the enamel
92
pH for decay enamel
4.5-5.0
93
pH decay for cementum
6.0-6.7
94
Tooth brush bristles
Extra soft 0.075mm hard 0.3mm
95
Rolling stroke
For children with healthy gingiva
96
Modified stillman
Parallel to tooth vibrate for 10 seconds then roll to the occlusal
97
Charters
Start with bristles pointing towards the occlusal
98
Reasons for cleaning a prosthetic
Prevents irritation, controls infection, prevents malOder, maintain appearance
99
What arch should you stand behind the pt when removing
Maxillary
100
Steps for preventive program
1) assess needs
2)plan for intervention
3)implement
4) preform services
5)evaluate progressive changes
6)provide maintenance
