Local #2 Flashcards
What factors influence duration and depth of anesthesia?
1) individual variation in response to drug
2) accuracy in the administration technique
3)status of the tissue-healthy, or infected
4) anatomic variation
5) type of injection
Hyporesponder
Does not experience adverse reactions until blood level is above normal threshold
Hyperresponder
Does experince adverse reactions when the blood level is way below the normal threshold
Maximum doeses of anesthetic
- mg of drug/unit of body weight
Maximum dose is based on 150 lb adult =70 kg
What should be done to the maximum dose in a medically compromised situation?
Maximum Should always be decreased
MRD 2% lidocaine is
3.2 mg/lb
MRD 3% mepivacaine is
3.0 mg/lb
When using more than one type of LA what is the rule of thumb?
Total dose of both anesthetic should not exceed the lower of the 2 maximum doses for the individual agents
Procaine (Novocain)
1st injectable LA, no longer available for dental use
-Ester: hydrolyzed rapidly in plasma by plasma cholinesterase
-incidence of allergy significantly greater than amides but not common
- profound vasodilating properties, provides virtually no pulpal anesthesia
Max dose 4% Prilocaine
3.6mg/lb (100lb)
Max dose 2% lidocaine
320mg (100lb)
Lidocaine (xylocaine)
-mostly metabolized in the liver
- 2% concentration with epi 1;50,000 or 1;100,000
- pH is 6.5
- pH with vasoconstrictor 5.0-5.5
- onset action 2-3 minutes
-topical form is 5%
Lidocaine MRD for 1;50,000 epi
cartridges
Lidocaine MRD for1;100,00 epi
11 cartridges
Chances of an allergic reaction with lidocaine
Rare
