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repro > perineum > Flashcards

perineum Flashcards

1
Q

perineum

A

btwn coccyx and pubis

clinically often used to refer to central tendon of female

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2
Q

perineum boundaries

A

ant- pubis
lateral- ischiopubic rami and ischial tuberosities
post- coccyx and caudal sacrum
post/lat- sacrotuberous ligaments
superior- separated from pelvic cavity by pelvic diaphragm

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3
Q

UG diaphragm

A

stretches ant btwn 2 ischiopubic rami creating urogenital and anal regions

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4
Q

anal triangel boundaries

A

ant- posterior edge of UG diaphragm
post- boundaries of perineum
lat- ischiopubic rami and obtorator internus m below arcus tendineus
sup- inferior aspect of pelvic diaphragm
inf- skin and superficial fasica of peritoneum

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5
Q

ischioanal fossa

A

filled w/adipose tissue
sup- levator ani and pelvic diaphram
inf- skin of perineum
post- right and left ischioanal fossa communicate
ant- externa anal sphincter and UG diaphragm fuse, prevents communication

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6
Q

anterior recess

A

extends anteriorly btwn levator ani and UG diaphragm

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7
Q

anal triangle contents

A

external anal sphinchter
internal pudendal vessels
pudendal n
perineal branch of S4

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8
Q

external anal sphincter

A

divided into superficial, subcutaneous, and deep
superficial from central tendon of perineum to coccyx
deep encircles anal canal (major component)

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9
Q

internal pudendal vessels

A

brr of internal iliac
leaves pelvis thru greater sciatic foramen
crosses ischial spine and passes thru lesser sciatic foramen in pudendal canal
inferior rectal, perineal and deep and dorsal aa of penis

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10
Q

pudendal canal

A

aka alcocks canal

fascial canal created by splitting of obturator fascia

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11
Q

inferior rectal aa

A

first br after entering pudendal canal

supplies sphincter, anal canal, and skin of anus

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12
Q

perineal aa

A

arise near posterior edge of UG diaphragm

br from transverse perineal aa and posterior scrotal aa

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13
Q

deep and dorsal aa of penis

A

terminal brr of internal pudendal

run superior to UG diaphragm

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14
Q

pudendal n

A 
follows same course as internal pudendal aa
brr:
inferior rectal
perineal 
dorsal n to penis
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15
Q

inferior rectal nn

A

pierces pudendal canal to have same distribution of inf rectal aa

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16
Q

perineal n

A

distributes similarly to perineal aa
brr:
transverse perineal nn
posterior scrotal/labial nn

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17
Q

perineal br of S4

A

cutanous distribution to skin of posterior anal triangle
may contribute to innervation of external sphincter
perineal brr of femoral cutaneous
innervates most lateral aspect of anal and UF regions down onto medial thigh

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18
Q

UG triangle in male

A 
anterior portion of perineum
ant-pubis
lat- ischiopubic rami
post- dorsal edge of UG diaphragm 
sup- pubo-coccygeal portion of levator ani m
19
Q

UG diaphragm in male

A

voluntary mm sheet btwn ischiopubic rami
from pubis to ischial tuberosities
does not extend ant to pubis
covered by inf and sup fascial sheaths

20
Q

spinchter urethrae

A

surrounds membranous urethra forms anterior portion of UG diaphragm

21
Q

deep transverse perineal m male

A

forms post portion of UGD

22
Q

anterior gap of UGD

A

filled w/transverse perineal lig

deep dorsal v of penis enters pelvis thru this gap

23
Q

deep perineal space

A

btwn 2 fascial layers
occupied by mm of diaphragm
embedded in diaphragm are bulbourethral glands

24
Q

fascial layers of UGG male

A

superficial perineal fascia aka colles

deep perineal fascia

25
Q

superficial perineal fascia male

A

aka colles
continuation of membranous layer of superficial fascia from abdominal all
forms superficial penile fascia and dartos fascia (scrotum)

26
Q

deep perineal fascia male

A

intimately surrounds cavernous bodies
forms deep penile fascia aka bucks fasica
creates potential space btwn superficial and deep penile fasica

27
Q

corpus spongeiosum

A 
aka corpus cavernosum urethra
along midline
adherent to inferior fascia UGD
contains penile urethra 
enlarged at distal end to form glans penis
limited erectile fnx
28
Q

corpora cavernosa

A

form the crura of the penis

arise from ischiopubic rami and adjacent UGD

29
Q

tunica albuginae

A

surrounds each layer of erectile tissue
thick CT which invests each layer separately
along midline CT fuses to form septum of penis

30
Q

fundiform ligament

A

thickening of scarps/colles fascia
arises inferior to linea alba
inserts into superficial fascia (colles) of penis

31
Q

suspensory ligament of the penis

A

triangular band of CT
arises from lower end of linea alba
insets into deep fascia of penis

32
Q

bulbospondiosus male

A

compressor of urethrae

33
Q

ischiocavernosus male

A

erector of penis

34
Q

superficial transverse perineal m

A

borders posterior edge of UGD
originates from ischiopubic rami
inserts into central tendon of perineum

35
Q

UDG female

A

same basic structure as male

split into 2 portions by vagina and urethra

36
Q

central tendon female

A 
aka perineal body
larger and more prominent then in males
insertion point for superficial and deep transverse perineal mm
bulbospongiosus m
external anal sphincter
37
Q

erectile tissue females

A

vestibular bulbs
corpora cavernosa
bulbospongiosus
ischiocavernosus

38
Q

vestibular bulbs

A

homolog to corporus spongiosum
lie along the base of labia majora
cover the greater vestibular glands

39
Q

corpora caverrnosa

A

homolog of corpora cavernosa
forms clitoris (homolog of penis)
approximately 1” of erectile tissue buried under prepuce, attaching to PS by suspensory lig of clitoris

40
Q

blublospongiosus females

A

wrap around labia minus

41
Q

ischiocavernosus females

A

from ischopubic rami to pubic arch froming crura of clitoris

42
Q

superficial perineal fascia females

A

same as in males

will continue into the labia majora, interrupted by pudendal cleft

43
Q

female external genitalia

A

mons pubis
labia majora
labia minora

44
Q

nerves of UG triangle

A

brr of perineal br of pudendal:

  • posterior scrotal/labia n
  • deep brr
  • dorsal n of penis/clitoris

repro (13 decks)

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