Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

repro > developmental > Flashcards

developmental Flashcards

1
Q

urinary and internal repro organs from

A

intermediate mesoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Y chrom

A

contains SRY gene codes for TDF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

testes indifferent stage

A
  1. genital ridge form from intermediate mesoderm and overylying epi
  2. epi (Cx) grows into underlying mesoderm to form primitive sex cords (medulla)
  3. PGCs migrate to genital ridge wk 4-6, if they do not migrate gonads will not form
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

medulla formation male

A

testes
primitive sex cords reamin solid until puberty when canalize forming the seminiferous tubles, tubuli recti, and rete testes
testes secrete T by wk 8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Cx formation male

A

forms tunica albuginea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

descent of testes

A

controlled by T
gubernaculum thick lig that attaches to caudal pole of testes to ant body wall (future site of deep inguinal ring)
process vaginalis- evagination of peritoneum that passes thry abdominal wall lateral to site of attachement of gubernaculum
process vaginalis and gubernaculum pulled thru abdominal wall forming inguinal canal
proximal portion of process vaginalis closes, distal portion forms tunica vaginalis around testes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

genital ducts indifferent stage

A

2 duct systems from intermediate mesoderm
mesonephric (wolffian) -> induced to form male ducts and glands by T
paramesonephric (mullarian) -> inhibited by AMH produced from sertoli cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

mesonephric tubules

A

become efferent ductules and appendix of epididymis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

mesonephric ducts

A

epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, seminal vesicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

urethra

A

gives rise to prostate and bulbourethral glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

paramesonephric duct

A

regresses except for appendix of testes and prostatic utricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

external genitalia

A

fully differentiated at 12th wk, under influence of T and DHT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

anal folds

A

anus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

genital tubercle

A

elongates to form glans penis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

urethral folds

A

shaft, root of penis and penile urethra
elongates w/genital tubercle
urethral groove is an open groove on ventral penis
later 2 folds fuse to form penile urethra
remaining portion of urethra is formed by ectodermal cells growing inward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

labioscrotal swellings

A

scrotum

scrotal septum forms where the 2 swellings fuse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

hypospadias

A

caused by incomplete fusion of urethral groove on ventral surface of penis
abnormal opening of penile urethra on ventral surface of penis
T dependent process

18
Q

epispadias

A

urethral opening is on dorsum of penis
often occurs w/exstrophy of bladder
thought to be due to urethral plate developing more dorsally then normal
T independent

19
Q

cryptochidism

A

failure of testes to descend into scrotum
T dependent
undescended testes will be infertile

20
Q

absence of TDF

A

sex cords in medulla degenerate
second generation of cortical sex cords form from epi, these form follicular cells around oogonia
CX forms ovary, medulla regresses

21
Q

descent of ovaries

A

gubernaculum forms ovarian lig and round lig of uterus

process vaginalis very small, obliterates before birth

22
Q

mullarian duct

A

cranial end open into abdominal cavity

caudal end fuse and enter cloaca

23
Q

cranial end of mullarian duct

A

uterine tube

24
Q

caudal end of mullarian duct

A

uterus, cervis, superior vagina

25
Q

sinovaginal bulb

A

inferior vagina
forms from cloaca, induced by mullarian ducts
initially forms a solid tube called vaginal plate canalizes by 5th month
hymen seperates UG sinus from vagina
urethral endoderm will give rise to greater vestibular and skenes glands

26
Q

cloacal folds

A

mesenchymal swellings around cloacal membrane
later divide into urethral and anal folds
anteriorly the cloacal fold fuse to form genital tube

27
Q

labiosacral swellings

A

from on each side of cloacal membranes

becomes labia majora

28
Q

genital tubercle

A

elongates to become clitoris

29
Q

urethral fols

A

labia minora
erectile tissue (blubs of vestibule and crus of clit)
urethral groove remains unfused and will form vestibule

30
Q

uterus arcuatus

A

very sight lack of fusion of mullarian ducts

31
Q

double uterus w/double vagina

A

aka uterus didephs

complete lack of fusion of mullarian ducts and formation of 2 sinovaginal bulbs

32
Q

uterus bicornis

A

aka bicollis
partial lack of fusion of mullarian ducts
1 vagina, 2 uterus

33
Q

uterus unicrnis

A

complete lack of agenesis of 1 mullarian duct

34
Q

uterus bicornis unicollis

A

caudel portion of 1 mullarian duct fails to form

35
Q

vaginal and cervical atresia

A

atresia of sinovaginal abulbs or from a failure of canalization

36
Q

remnants of wollfian ducts

A

epoophoron- tubules
paroophron (tubules and duct)
gartners duct- remnant of caudal duct
all of the above can become cystic

37
Q

klinefelters

A 
nondisjunction during meiosis
47XXY male
infertile, low T, aspermatogenesis
impaired sexual maturation
gynecomastia
38
Q

turners syndrome

A

45, XO
nondisjunction during meiosis
gondal dysgenesis, streak gonads
lack of secondary sex trait development at puberty
short stature, broad chest, short neck, lymphedema of hand and feet

39
Q

swyer syndrome

A

46 XY
point mutation of SRY gene -> defective TDF
gonadal dysgenesis, streak gonads, can become cancerous therefore often removed
female external and internal genitalia (no ovaries)
amenorrhea
lack secondary sex characteristics

40
Q

hermaphroditism

A

presence of male and female gonadal tissue (with in same or opposite gonad)
ovotestes
most have 46,xx
likely translocation of SRY gene to X
internal reproductive organs usually female
masculinization of external genitalia

41
Q

male psudohermaprhoditism

A

46,XY
testes from
insufficient androgen production and AMH
external and internal genitalia normally female

42
Q

androgen insensitivity syndrome

A 
46, XY
testes
due to normal functioning Y chrom
AMH and T production normal
lack androgen receptors
wolffian duct regresses
mullarian duct regresses
female external genitalia , including secondary sex traits
vagina is short and blind ending

repro (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions