autonomics

Question 1

sympathetic efferents

Answer 1

vasoconstriction
contraction of sphincter mm
inhibition of peristalsis
inhibition of glandular secretions

Question 2

parasympathetic efferents

Answer 2

vasodilation
peristalsis
contraction of detrusor m of bladder an myometrial m of uterus

Question 3

inferior hypgastric plexus

Answer 3

continuation of superior plexus via hypogastric nn
located along lateral surfaced of rectum and pelvic viscera
contains parasympathetics and sympathetic fibers

Question 4

subsidiary plexuses

Answer 4

rectal
vesicle
uterovaginal
prostatic
carry fibers to visera

Question 5

parasympathetics originate

Answer 5

lateral horns S2-4

fibers exit w/ventral root and leave the ventral ramus as pelvic splanchnics

Question 6

pelvic splanchnics

Answer 6

distribute w/inferior hypogastric and subsidiary plexuses to pelvic and perineal organs

Question 7

ganglia impar

Answer 7

where right and left sympathetic trunks merge

Question 8

lumbar splanchnics

Answer 8

preganglionic neurons located in lateral horn at spinal levels T11-12
enter chain, do not synapse, exit as lumbar splanchnics
enter intermesenteric and superior hypogastric plexuses to synapse w/postganglionics
major supply to pelvis

Question 9

hypogastric nn

Answer 9

postganglionics
travel from superior to inferior hypogastric plexus
then spread via pelvic viscera via subsidiary plexuses of inferior hypogastric plexus

Question 10

sacral splanchnics

Answer 10

preganglionic neurons from spinal levels T12-L2
fibers descend w/in chain to sacral levels and exit w/o synapsing as sacral splanchnics
enter inferior hypogastric plexus and synapse
spred via subsidiary plexuses
minor innervation of pelvis

Question 11

perineal innervation

Answer 11

parasympathetics from cavernous plexus thru pudendal n
sympathetics in pudendal n
provides innervation to erectile tissues, urethral mucosa, and glands

Question 12

cavernous plexus

Answer 12

continuation of uterovaginal/prostatic plexuses

Question 13

urinary bladder

Answer 13

inferior hypogastric plexus -> vesicle plexus

Question 14

sympathetic innervation urinary bladder

Answer 14

T10-L2 via lumbar and sacral splanchnics, contraction of trigonal m and smooth m of sphincter, urethrae mechanism, and vasomotor

Question 15

parasympathetic innervation urinary bladder

Answer 15

S2-4 via pelvic splanchnics

contraction of detrusor m

Question 16

urethra

Answer 16

inferior hypogastric plexus -> prostatic or vesicle plexus

innervation of perineal urethra is via pudendal n

Question 17

sympathetic innervation urethra

Answer 17

lumbar ans sacral splanchnics

L1-3

Question 18

testes

Answer 18

testicular plexus
sympathetic- T10-11 via lessser splanchnic and aorticorenal ganglia
parasympathetics- vagus?

Question 19

male internal repro organs

Answer 19

inferior hypogastric plexus -> subsidiary plexuses
sympathetics- T12-L2 lumbar and sacral splanchnics, stimulates emission
parasympathtics- S2-4 pelvic splanchnics

Question 20

penis and glands of perineum

Answer 20

dorsal n of penis- sensory and sympathetics

cavernous nn- parasympathetic nn from prostatic plexus

Question 21

ovaries and uterine tube

Answer 21

ovarian plexus
sympathetics- T10-11 lesser splanchnic n and aorticorenal ganglion, vasomotor
parasympathetic vagus?

Question 22

uterus, cervix, superior vagina

Answer 22

inferior hypogastric plexus -> uterovaginal plexus
sympathetics- T12-L2 lumbar and sacral splanchnics
parasympathetics- S2-4 pelvic splanchincs (contraction of smooth m)

Question 23

inferior vagina

Answer 23

pudendal nerve

Question 24

rectum and anal canal superior to pectinate line

Answer 24

inferior hypogastric plexus -> rectal plexus
sympathetic - L1-2 lumbar and sacral splanchnics, vasomotor and inhibit gland secretion
parasympathetic- S2-4 pelvic splanchnics, peristalsis, stimulate glandular secretion

Question 25

anal canal inferior to pectinate line

Answer 25

inferior rectal nn

Question 26

pelvic pain line

Answer 26

superior visceral pain travels w/sympathetics to T11-L2 | inferior (sub-peritonealized organs) visceral pain travels w/parasympathetics to S2-4 via pelvic splanchnics

Question 27

pain ureter

Answer 27

w/sympathetics

Question 28

pain superior bladder

Answer 28

peritonealized | sympathetics to T10-L2

Question 29

pain inferior bladder

Answer 29

subperitonealized | parasympathetics pelvic splanchnics to S2-4

Question 30

pain urethra

Answer 30

parasympathetics

Question 31

pain rectum

Answer 31

parasympathetics S2-4

Question 32

pain anal canal

Answer 32

above pectinate line- parasympathetics to S2-4 | below pectinate line- somatic pudendal n

Question 33

pain male internal repro organs

Answer 33

parasympathetics to S2-4

Question 34

pain testes, epididymis, distal ductus deferens

Answer 34

sympathetics, T10-11

Question 35

pain penis

Answer 35

somatic pudendal n

Question 36

pain ovary and uterine tubes

Answer 36

sympathetics T10-11

Question 37

pain uterus

Answer 37

fundus and body- sympathetics T12-L2 | cervix- parasympathetics S2-4

Question 38

pain vagina

Answer 38

superior- parasympathetics S2-4 | inferior- somatic, pudendal

Question 39

lumbar epidural

Answer 39

LV3/4 level of anesthesia 3-4 times higher then insertion complete anesthesia of penis, perineum, and LL mother will not feel pain from uterine contractions or passage of infant thru birth canal can be continuously delivered via indwelling cather

Question 40

caudel epidural

Answer 40

into sacral canal S2-4 cord levels loss of pain from cervix, vagina, perineum, can still feel uterine contractions

Question 41

pudendal nerve block

Answer 41

loss of feeling rom inferior vagina and perineum pain from uterine contraction and passage thru birth canal still felt pudendal n localized by palpating ischial spine and sacrospinous lig minimizes pain from potential tearing or episiotomy