Performance Enhancing Drugs

Question 1

Advantages for the performer

Answer 1

To increase chance of success
To increase wealth
To increase fame
To keep a level playing field, knowing that others take them

Question 2

Disadvantages for the performer

Answer 2

It is a clear form of cheating and is immoral
Those who test positive are banned and fined
It can severely damage the performers reputation

Question 3

Disadvantages for the sport

Answer 3

Certain sports have lost their reputation as lots have tested positive - Tour de France
Spectators have become cynical about exceptional performances and as a result the sport loses credibility
Reduces level of spectator participation and sponsorship - reduces income of sport

Question 4

Narcotic analgesics

What are they?

Answer 4

Pain killers that mask pain from an injury or over training

Question 5

Narcotic analgesics

Positives and negatives

Answer 5

P- masks pain from injury

N- highly addictive, constipation, low blood pressure, loss of concentration -coma

Question 6

Who would use narcotic analgesics?

Answer 6

People who need to recover from excessive over training or injury

Question 7

Anabolic agents

What are they?

Answer 7

They increase muscle mass and rate of muscle growth

Artificial hormone of testosterone

Question 8

Anabolic agents

Positives and negatives

Answer 8

P- speed up recovery so performers are able to train harder and more frequently
N- high blood pressure, damages heart,liver and kidneys
Women facial hair deep vice

Question 9

Anabolic agents

Who would use it?

Answer 9

Boxer and 100m sprinter

Performers which require muscle growth, strength and power

Question 10

Peptide hormones

What are they?

Answer 10

Increases production of red blood cells

Question 11

Peptide hormones

Positive and negative

Answer 11

P- improves oxygen carrying capacity to the muscles
Reduces fatigue
N- thickening of the blood which requires the heart to pump harder - stroke and heart attack

Question 12

Who would use peptide hormones?

Answer 12

Cyclists and marathon runner

Question 13

Diuretics

What are they?

Answer 13

Remove fluid from the body - weight loss

Question 14

Diuretics

Positive and negatives

Answer 14

P- Rapid weight loss, removes the presence of other illegal substances
N- severe dehydration, low blood pressure and muscle cramp

Question 15

Diuretics

Who would use them?

Answer 15

Boxer - to get into weight categories

Question 16

Stimulants

What are they?

Answer 16

Increase alertness and aggression and increase reaction time and reduces tiredness
Makes athletes more alert and masks effects of fatigue

Question 17

Stimulants

Positives and negatives

Answer 17

N - highly addictive, high blood pressure, strokes and heart and liver problems
P- increases alertness and increases reaction time

Question 18

Stimulants

Who would use them?

Answer 18

Performers who need to be highly alert - sprinter and speed swimmers

Question 19

Beta blockers

What are they?

Answer 19

They calm the performer down by reducing the effects of adrenaline

Question 20

Beta blockers

Positives and negatives

Answer 20

P- improve a performers fine motor control

N- nausea, poor circulation, heart problems, tiredness and weakness

Question 21

Beta blockers

Who would use them?

Answer 21

Snooker

Archery

Question 22

Blood doping

What is it?

Answer 22

A method that involves artificially increasing the number of red blood cells in the blood and therefore improving the oxygen carrying capacity

Question 23

Blood doping

Method

Answer 23

Remove 2 pints of blood 2 months before
In that time the body will make more blood to replace it
They put the blood back into the person 2-3 days before

Question 24

Blood doping

Positives and negatives

Answer 24

N - thickens blood - potential for heart attack
Risk of embolis - blocked blood vessels
P- improves oxygen carry capacity

Question 25

Blood doping

Who would use it?

Answer 25

Endurance athletes
Cyclist and marathon runners
Increasing amount of blood cells, increases amount of blood carrying more oxygen to muscles which is used for energy