Engagement Patterns

Question 1

Engagement patterns

Answer 1

How levels of participation vary across different social groups

Question 2

Gender stereotypes

Answer 2

Women lack strength and endurance in same sports as men
Women who are competitive are not feminine
Women who train and have a muscular frame are Male like and have their sexual orientation questioned
Women’s role is to be carer, mother and manager of home

Question 3

Barriers for women participating in sport

Answer 3

Sport is a male dominant activity
Prize money, salaries, sponsorships don’t always match males
Elite female athletes receive less media coverage
Women receive less support from family and peers
Facilities for women
Media for females is often about looks or mums

Question 4

Ethnicity

Answer 4

Data shows that people of ethnic minority backgrounds is often limited to sports that are traditionally associated with that ethnic group

Question 5

Ethnicity - black Caribbean and African groups

Answer 5

Stereotype is that they have innate physiological genetic make up giving them an advantage in the same sports
Have a high proportion of fast twitch muscle fibres
For football and 100m sprinting

Question 6

Cultural and religious traditions - example

Answer 6

Some religions have periods of fasting - difficult to take part in physical activity when energy levels are low
Some religions have specific dress codes that can make participation more tricky

Question 7

Age

Answer 7

Flexibility decreases 
Skill level improves 
Suffer more injuries 
Strength decreases 
Tidal volume and stroke volume decrease

Question 8

Disability

Answer 8

Some form of impairment which affects their ability to take part on activity
Mobility impairments
Sensory impairments
Mental impairments

Question 9

Explain one way that people with a disability are able to participate in sport is by…

Answer 9

Adapting a mainstream sport such as wheel chair basketball, wheelchair tennis or sitting football
This is known as an adapted sport has there may be modifications in equipment or rules to meet the needs of participation

Question 10

New sports for disability

Answer 10

Boccia and goalball

Question 11

Positive influence of family

Answer 11

Help financially through paying for equipment, kit and coaching fees
Providing transport whilst they can also act as role models for their children

Question 12

Peer groups and friends

If your peer group likes to participate in sport then

Answer 12

There is a greater chance that you will conform to the rest of the group and also join in

Question 13

Attitudes of friends or relatives

Answer 13

Can be positive or negative and are learned from family and friend

Question 14

Role models

Answer 14

Have big influences on participation - they tend to encourage participation

Question 15

Accessibility

Answer 15

Many sports require equipment or facilities in order to participate
- skiing and hoist for disabled swimmers

Question 16

Media coverage

Answer 16

Usually have a positive effect

Lack of media coverage - not many people doing the sport

Question 17

Media coverage - positive affects of participation of sport

Answer 17

Attendance may rise
Supporters are better informed
Easier to attract sponsorship
Develops multiple personalities and role models

Question 18

Negatives of media coverage on participation of sport

Answer 18

Watch from home 
Only few sports on tv 
Sports personalities lose privacy 
Changes to sport 
Changes to event timings

Question 19

Sexism and stereotyping affecting participation of sport

Answer 19

Can lead to prejudice or discrimination typically against women

Question 20

Culture and religions participation of sport

Answer 20

Individuals may need to follow a strict dress code and observe their religious festivals which may limit participation

Question 21

Family commitments affecting participation of sport

Answer 21

Individuals may need to look after other members of their family and this may limit opportunities

Question 22

Leisure time affecting participation of sport

Answer 22

More leisure time leads to more time for sport, some people don’t have lots of leisure time because of work or other commitments

Question 23

Familiarity

Answer 23

Most people are interested in sports that they already know of
Often come from parental and role model influences

Question 24

Education affecting participation of sport

Answer 24

Some schools have newer or better facilities increasing participation
Teachers can influence
Timetables can influence

Question 25

Why are individuals from lower socio-economic groups less likely to take part in sport?

Answer 25

They have a lower disposable income available to spend on leisure activities