Engagement Patterns Flashcards
Engagement patterns
How levels of participation vary across different social groups
Gender stereotypes
Women lack strength and endurance in same sports as men
Women who are competitive are not feminine
Women who train and have a muscular frame are Male like and have their sexual orientation questioned
Women’s role is to be carer, mother and manager of home
Barriers for women participating in sport
Sport is a male dominant activity
Prize money, salaries, sponsorships don’t always match males
Elite female athletes receive less media coverage
Women receive less support from family and peers
Facilities for women
Media for females is often about looks or mums
Ethnicity
Data shows that people of ethnic minority backgrounds is often limited to sports that are traditionally associated with that ethnic group
Ethnicity - black Caribbean and African groups
Stereotype is that they have innate physiological genetic make up giving them an advantage in the same sports
Have a high proportion of fast twitch muscle fibres
For football and 100m sprinting
Cultural and religious traditions - example
Some religions have periods of fasting - difficult to take part in physical activity when energy levels are low
Some religions have specific dress codes that can make participation more tricky
Age
Flexibility decreases Skill level improves Suffer more injuries Strength decreases Tidal volume and stroke volume decrease
Disability
Some form of impairment which affects their ability to take part on activity
Mobility impairments
Sensory impairments
Mental impairments
Explain one way that people with a disability are able to participate in sport is by…
Adapting a mainstream sport such as wheel chair basketball, wheelchair tennis or sitting football
This is known as an adapted sport has there may be modifications in equipment or rules to meet the needs of participation
New sports for disability
Boccia and goalball
Positive influence of family
Help financially through paying for equipment, kit and coaching fees
Providing transport whilst they can also act as role models for their children
Peer groups and friends
If your peer group likes to participate in sport then
There is a greater chance that you will conform to the rest of the group and also join in
Attitudes of friends or relatives
Can be positive or negative and are learned from family and friend
Role models
Have big influences on participation - they tend to encourage participation
Accessibility
Many sports require equipment or facilities in order to participate
- skiing and hoist for disabled swimmers
Media coverage
Usually have a positive effect
Lack of media coverage - not many people doing the sport
Media coverage - positive affects of participation of sport
Attendance may rise
Supporters are better informed
Easier to attract sponsorship
Develops multiple personalities and role models
Negatives of media coverage on participation of sport
Watch from home Only few sports on tv Sports personalities lose privacy Changes to sport Changes to event timings
Sexism and stereotyping affecting participation of sport
Can lead to prejudice or discrimination typically against women
Culture and religions participation of sport
Individuals may need to follow a strict dress code and observe their religious festivals which may limit participation
Family commitments affecting participation of sport
Individuals may need to look after other members of their family and this may limit opportunities
Leisure time affecting participation of sport
More leisure time leads to more time for sport, some people don’t have lots of leisure time because of work or other commitments
Familiarity
Most people are interested in sports that they already know of
Often come from parental and role model influences
Education affecting participation of sport
Some schools have newer or better facilities increasing participation
Teachers can influence
Timetables can influence
Why are individuals from lower socio-economic groups less likely to take part in sport?
They have a lower disposable income available to spend on leisure activities
