Perception and Memory (PSYM207) Flashcards
The process of perceiving through the senses
Sensation
Set of processes by which we recognize, organize, and make sense of the sensations we receive from the environment
Perception
Awareness of 3-dimensionality, solidity, and the distance between the observer and the object
Depth Perception
Set of theories that explain perception starts with the stimuli we take into our eye, these are stimuli-driven
Bottom Up Theories
Gibson’s theory, explains that all the information in our sensory receptors, including sensory context, is all we need to perceive anything
Direct Perception
This refers to how our environment supplies us with all the information we need for perception, so there is no need for higher cognitive processes
Ecological Perception
These are theories that suggest we have stored templates in our mind and these are highly detailed models for patterns we could potentially recognize
Template Theories
True or False: Template theories support the idea that expertise can be acquired even just through storing information in short-term memory
False, when info is stored in the long term memory, one can master its recognition
This set of theories explain that we attempt to match features of a pattern to features stored in memory, rather than to a whole template
Feature-Matching Theories
This theory explains our ability to perceive 3D objects with the help of simple geometric shapes
Recognition by Components Theory
This set of theories explains how the perceiver builds a cognitive understanding of stimuli and higher order thinking is needed for perception
Top Down Theories
This is an occurrence that suggests that what we sense in our sensory organs sometimes is not necessarily what we perceive
Perceptual Illusions
When does vision begin?
When light passes through the protective covering of the eye
This is the change in the direction and speed of the light entering the eyes
Refraction
This is a severe deficit in the ability to perceive sensory information
Agnosias
This is a disturbance in the temporal region of the cortex where an individual is unable to pay attention to more than one object at a time
Simultagnosia
This is when an individual has a severely impaired ability to recognize human faces
Prosopagnosia
True or False: Anomalies in color perception are more common in men than women
True
This is when an individual is unable to perceive motion, it only appears as a series of snapshots
Akinetopsia
Who pioneered the Traditional Memory Model?
William James
Primary Memory: _____ memory ; Secondary Memory: _____ memory
Temporary, Permanent
In the Traditional Memory Model, what are the 3 main memory stores?
Sensory store (can store a limited amount of info for a brief span of time)
Short-term store (can store info for a longer period but limited capacity)
Long-term store (large capacity, can store info for very long periods)
This is a discrete visual sensory register that holds information for a very short period of time, it can only hold 9-12 symbols
Iconic Store
This is when the production of output interferes with the phenomenon being studied (i.e verbally reporting multiple symbols may interfere with the reports of iconic memory)
Fading Phenomenon
