Childbirth and Infancy Flashcards
What are some of the benefits of a normal childbirth/delivery?
- Stimulates oxytocin which stimulates maternal behavior
- Better immune system for baby
- Less likely to have allergies
What are some of the preparations in natural childbirth programs?
- Parent/birthing classes
- Relaxation and Breathing Techniques
- Assistance of a doctor and doula
The mechanical monitoring of fetal heartbeat during delivery
Electronic fetal monitoring
True or False: There is no risk in using medication during delivery
False, there is a risk to the baby as the medication will pass thru the place while the baby is still in the womb
What are some of the reasons for a Cesarean delivery to be needed?
- Serious maternal infection
- Breech birth
- Slow progress of labor
- Rh incompatibility
Babies that are less than 4 weeks old are called ____?
Neonates
A birthing complication wherein the infant is born smaller than average or prematurely, making them weigh less than 2500g
Low Birth Weight (LBW)
What are the possible outcomes of a LBW?
- Compromised immune system
- Death
- Eroding of coping capacities due to medical procedures
- High blood pressure
- Adult on set diabetes
A birthing complication wherein the infant is not born even 2 weeks after the due date
Postmature Birth
Around how many hours do newborns sleep in a day?
16-18 hrs
This is an infant’s primary way of communicating that they need food, comfort or stimulation
Crying
How does one soothe a crying baby?
- Rock, walk, swing
- Massage
- Play soft rhythmic or soothing sounds
- Pacifier or swaddle
What are the implications of the cephalocaudal principle of physical development?
- Head grows smaller while legs grow longer
- Upper body parts are used before lower body
- Head and hands are developed and controlled before legs or feet
What are the implications of the proximodistal principle of physical development?
- Arms and legs grow before hands or feet
- Use of body parts closer to the body before outer ones
True or False: There should be a steady increasing trajectory of physical growth as a baby grows into a toddler
True
What is the recommended infant diet?
Exclusive breastfeeding up to 6 months for optimal nutrition intake
Why is the first 1000 days of a child critical to their physical and cognitive development?
- Time of rapid physical growth and brain development
- Susceptibility to infections
- Still dependent on others to take care of needs
When are humans most plastic?
Early life
What portions of the brain grow the fastest in the first year of life?
Spinal cord, brain stem, cerebellum
At what week do neurons of infants usually develop in the cortex? What is its main function?
20 weeks. To send and receive information
This type of reflexes are instinctive needs for survival and protection, and to connect with the caregiver
Primitive Reflexes (sucking, rooting, grasping etc.)
A reflex that is a reaction to a change in position or balance
Postural Reflexes (parachuting)
Reflexes that able the infant to move from one place to another
Locomotor Reflexes
This is the first sensory capacity to develop after birth
Touch and Pain
These senses are developed in the womb and are based on the mother’s consumption
Smell and Taste
This is a key sensory capacity that develops rapidly after birth and allows an infant language development
Hearing
True or False: It takes a few months for infants to recognize words
False, it only takes them a few days after birth
This is the least developed sense after birth because of its lack of stimuli in the womb and underdeveloped organ
Sight
True or False: Infants are visually drawn to color and moving targets and have an affinity for faces
True
Type of motor physical skills that use large muscles and movements
Gross motor skills (running, jumping, posture etc.)
Type of motor physical skills that use small muscles and hand-eye coordination
Fine motor skills (writing, coloring, stacking blocks etc.)
This is an infant skill where they look to caregivers to tell whether a situation is secure or frightening
Social referencing