Perception 4

Question 1

Perception of sound

Answer 1

Experience we have when we hear

Question 2

Physical sound

Answer 2

Pressure changes in air or medium caused by vibration of an object

Question 3

Pure tone occurs when

Answer 3

Change in air/medium caused by vibration of an object

Question 4

Characteristics of sound

Answer 4

Amplitude, frequency, sound waves

Question 5

Amplitude

Answer 5

Size of variation in air pressure effects loudness

Question 6

Frequency

Answer 6

Number of cycles per second, related to pitch

Question 7

Sound waves

Answer 7

Sine waves combining

Question 8

Natural sounds are made up of

Answer 8

Fundamental frequency

Question 9

Fundamental frequency

Answer 9

Superimposed by additional waveforms with higher frequencies

Question 10

Pitch

Answer 10

Sound frequencies cause vibration in specific area along basilar membrane

Question 11

Low frequency

Answer 11

Is near apex

Question 12

High frequency

Answer 12

Near base

Question 13

Frequency is signaled

Answer 13

When auditory nerves respond

Question 14

Pitch is determined

Answer 14

By fundamental frequency of sound

Question 15

Pitch is determined

Answer 15

By fundamental frequency of sound

Question 16

Phase locking

Answer 16

Auditory nerve responses synchronize to change in pressure up to frequencies of about 400 Hz

Question 17

Timbre

Answer 17

Dictated by the number, frequency ratio, relative amplitudes of the harmonics

Question 18

The missing fundamental illusion

Answer 18

We perceive a pitch consistent with the missing fundamental frequency

Question 19

The brain infers the missing fundamental

Answer 19

From the harmonies

Question 20

Loudness

Answer 20

Amplitude of sound waves

Question 21

Sound is measured in

Answer 21

dB

Question 22

Change of 20dB

Answer 22

Same as 10x increase in amplitude

Question 23

The range in amplitude we encounter is ____

Answer 23

Large

Question 24

Sound amplitude is coded in

Answer 24

The firing rate of the auditory nerve

Question 25

We have poor sensitivity for extremely ____ and ____ frequencies

Answer 25

Low and high

Question 26

Parts of ear

Answer 26

Outer ear, middle ear, inner ear

Question 27

Parts of outer ear

Answer 27

Pinnae, auditory canal, eardrum

Question 28

Pinnae

Answer 28

Visible external part of ear

Question 29

Auditory canal

Answer 29

About 3 cm tube that protects ear

Question 30

Eardrum

Answer 30

Aka tympanic membrane, cone shaped membrane separating middle and outer ear

Question 31

The higher the frequency, the

Answer 31

Faster vibrating

Question 32

The larger amplitude, the

Answer 32

Larger vibration

Question 33

Parts of middle ear

Answer 33

Malleus, incus, stapes

Question 34

The malleus, incus, and stapes are the

Answer 34

3 smallest bones in the human body

Question 35

The three bones in the middle ear amplify

Answer 35

Vibrations of eardrum and transmit them to inner ear at oval window

Question 36

Inner ear contains the

Answer 36

Cochlea

Question 37

Cochlea

Answer 37

Snail like liquid filled organ where fluid is displaced by oval window, which changes the pressure in the cochlea

Question 38

The three parallel canals in the cochlea

Answer 38

Vestibular, middle, tympanic

Question 39

Basilar membrane

Answer 39

Triggers auditory transduction and separates the middle and tympanic canals

Question 40

The organ of corgi extends along

Answer 40

The surface of the basilar membrane

Question 41

When hair cells in the organ of the corti are bent,

Answer 41

A voltage is generated

Question 42

Because hair cells are extremely sensitive, so loud sounds

Answer 42

Cause hearing loss

Question 43

Sound frequencies cause vibration

Answer 43

In specific areas along basilar membrane

Question 44

Low frequency is

Answer 44

Near apex

Question 45

High frequency is

Answer 45

Near base