Perception 3

Question 1

One reason why it’s difficult to design a perceiving machine

Answer 1

Visual input provides ambiguous information about the 3d structure of the world

Question 2

Another reason why it’s difficult to design a perceiving machine

Answer 2

Image complexity makes it increasingly tricky for computers to organize the visual scene into distinct objects

Question 3

How do we perceive depth

Answer 3

Humans make use of a variety of sources of image information to infer depth in a visual scene

Question 4

Relative height is a ___ cue

Answer 4

Monocular

Question 5

Monocular cues

Answer 5

Work with one eye

Question 6

Relative size is a ____ cue

Answer 6

Monocular

Question 7

Occlusion is a ____ cue

Answer 7

Monocular

Question 8

Linear perspective is a ____ cue

Answer 8

Monocular

Question 9

Texture gradient is a _____ cue

Answer 9

Monocular

Question 10

Motion parallax is a ____ cue

Answer 10

Monocular

Question 11

Shading is a ____ cue

Answer 11

Monocular

Question 12

Binocular cue

Answer 12

Requires both eyes

Question 13

Disparity is a ____ cue

Answer 13

Binocular

Question 14

Relative size and height

Answer 14

Objects below the horizon and have their bases higher are typically perceived as more distant, and two objects of equal size the more distant one will take up less of your field view

Question 15

We need ______ ______ about relative sizes of objects when judging distance

Answer 15

Prior knowledge

Question 16

Occlusion

Answer 16

Closer objects will block further away ones

Question 17

Parallel lines extending away from observer

Answer 17

Converge in the distance

Question 18

Texture elements get smaller and

Answer 18

More dense with distance

Question 19

Foreshortening

Answer 19

Circles become ovals; occurs when surface is tilted away

Question 20

Motion parallax

Answer 20

As we move more distant objects will glide past us more slowly than nearer objects

Question 21

Shadows create perception of

Answer 21

Depth

Question 22

Stereoscopic vision

Answer 22

Our eyes each receive a slightly different image

Question 23

Binocular disparity

Answer 23

Since we have two slightly different images from our each of our eyes, there is a difference in image location

Question 24

Size of disparity depends on

Answer 24

Object’s depth

Question 25

Objects closer than the horopter have _____ disparities

Answer 25

Crossed

Question 26

Objects further than the horopter have _____ disparities

Answer 26

Uncrossed

Question 27

Structuralism

Answer 27

Proposed that perceptions are simply the sum of atoms of sensation

Question 28

Gestalt school argued that

Answer 28

The whole form is greater than the sum of its parts

Question 29

Illusory contours

Answer 29

Some images evoke the perception of edges in locations where there isn’t change in luminance or color

Question 30

Illusory contours are difficult to explain via

Answer 30

The structuralist approach

Question 31

Gestalt principles

Answer 31

Proximity, similarity, common fate, good continuation, closure, symmetry

Question 32

Proximity

Answer 32

Things that are close together group together

Question 33

Similarity

Answer 33

Things that are similar group together

Question 34

Common fate

Answer 34

Things that move together group together

Question 35

Good continuation

Answer 35

Group elements to form smoothly continuing lines rather than abrupt or sharp angles

Question 36

Closure

Answer 36

Group elements to form complete figures, even if incomplete

Question 37

Symmetry

Answer 37

Elements more likely to be formed into groups that are balanced or symmetrical

Question 38

Gestalt principles don’t hold up because

Answer 38

They’re too vague, no evidence

Question 39

Gestalt principles seem correct such as

Answer 39

Perceptual objects aren’t just sum of their parts and hold across a lot of images