Language And Reading 1 Flashcards
A pattern conveys meaning because
In learning a language, a person learns to associate visual patterns with meanings
Mental lexicon
A store of knowledge about the words of the language
Eye tracking
Measure how long people actually spend looking at a word when reading
Lexical decision task
Measure how long people take to indicate that a string of letters is or isn’t a word
Naming task
Measure how long people taking to start saying a word
Word frequency
Commonly used words are recognized more easily than infrequent words
Word frequency
Commonly used words are recognized more easily than infrequent words
Word frequency
Commonly used words are recognized more easily than infrequent words
Predictability
Predictable words are recognized more easily than those in neutral or misleading contexts
Predictability
Predictable words are recognized more easily than those in neutral or misleading contexts
Neighborhood effects
Word identification can be speeded when similar words exist in the language
Neighborhood effects
word identification can be speeded when similar words exist in the language
High frequency words take
A shorter time to recognize
Low frequency words take
Longer to recognize
Neighborhood effects
Word identification can be speeded when similar words exist in the language
Orthographic neighborhood
The number of words that can be formed by changing one letter of a word while maintaining letter position
Phonological neighborhood
The number of words that can be formed by changing one phoneme of a word
Logogens
Thought of as word detectors
Each logogen has an ____ ____ which needs to be met before it fires
Activation threshold
Word superiority effect
It is easier to identify a letter in the context of a word than in isolation
Interactive activation model
Word detectors -> letter detectors -> feature detectors -> stimulus
Orthography
Info about the spelling of words
Phonology
Info about the sounds of words
High frequency words have a ____ threshold for firing and low frequency words take longer
Lower
Interactive activation model types of connections
Excitatory and inhibitory
These connections in the interactive activation model run in….
Both directions
Transposed letter priming
Test of how a word is processed when the word is switched
Priming
Exposure to something may influence a response to something else subsequently
Dual route model
Connects the visually presented word to the whole word’s mental representation
The dual route model is used for
High frequency or familiar words
Phonological route
Accesses the mental representations of words by using grapheme to phoneme conversation rules
Dual route model and dyslexia
Problems with each route leads to formation or different patterns of dyslexia
Phonological dyslexia
Difficulty with reading non words
Surface dyslexia
Difficulty reading irregular words and assumes a selective deficit in the lexical route
