Peptic Ulcers

Question 1

What is a peptic ulcer

Answer 1

An open sore that develops on the inside lining of the stomach and upper layer of the small intestine and lower oesophagus

Question 2

What parts of the small intestine can get peptic ulcers

Answer 2

the 1st and 2nd parts

Question 3

What parts of the stomach can get peptic ulcers

Answer 3

Body and Antrum

Question 4

How does a peptic ulcer occur

Answer 4

Due to mismatch between acid secretion and the mucosal barrier. The acid starts damaging the epithelial layer

Question 5

What is the main cause of a peptic ulcer

Answer 5

H.pylori

Question 6

What are the symptoms of a peptic ulcer (x6)

Answer 6

Epigastric pain/tenderness
Nocturnal hunger pain 
Weight loss
Nausea
Back pain 
Bleeding (if the ulcer bleeds)

Question 7

How do you treat a peptic ulcer

Answer 7

Eradication therapy (if h.pylori)
Omeprazole
Ranitidine (H2 pump inhibitors)
STOP NSAIDS

Question 8

When is surgery used for peptic ulcer

Answer 8

Rarely

Only when its very complicated

Question 9

What are the complications of a peptic ulcer

Answer 9

Bleeding
Gastric outlet obstruction
Perforation
Healing by fibrosis

Question 10

What can bleeding from a peptic ulcer cause acutely

Answer 10

Haemmorhage

Question 11

What can bleeding from a peptic ulcer cause chronically

Answer 11

anemia

Question 12

What are symptoms of gastric outlet obstruction (x6)

Answer 12

Vomiting lacks bile 
Early satiety 
Dehydration 
Loss of H+ and Cl- in vomit 
Metabolic alkalosis 
Blood are low in Cl, Na, K

Question 13

How do you treat gastric outlet obstruction

Answer 13

Endoscopic balloon dilation

Surgery