Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Clinical Alimentary System > 3.12. Liver + Biliary Tree Disease - Autoimmune Hepatitis > Flashcards

3.12. Liver + Biliary Tree Disease - Autoimmune Hepatitis Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Aetiology of Autoimmune Hepatitis?

A

It is unknown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Is Autoimmune Hepatitis more common in Males or Females?

A

Females

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What can Autoimmune Hepatitis be related to?

A

Other autoimmune conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is required for Autoimmune Hepatitis to occur?

A
  1. A Genetically Predisposed Host

2. An External Environmental Factor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the Pathology of Autoimmune Hepatitis?

A

The Environmental Factor causes a sequence of T-Cell mediated events against Liver Antigens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is an example of what the Environmental Factor could be?

A

A Virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What do the T-Cell mediated events against the Liver result in?

A

A Necroinflammatory response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

When are the 2 peak onsets for women with Autoimmune Hepatitis?

A
  1. Peri-menopausal

2. Post-menopausal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the Clinical Presentation of Autoimmune Hepatitis?

A
  1. Asymptomatic
  2. Fatigue
  3. Acute Hepatitis
  4. Jaundice
  5. High Aminotransferase Levels (AST and ALT)
  6. Hepatmegaly
  7. Splenomegaly
  8. Flu-like Symptoms
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

When can Autoimmune Hepatitis appear Asymptomatic until?

A
  1. The Liver becomes Cirrhotic

2. There is an Abnormality in the Liver Biochemistry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

When does Acute Hepatitis occur as a result of Autoimmune Hepatitis?

A

In the Young

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What type of Jaundice occurs?

A

Intrahepatic Jaundice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Do the High Aminotransferase Levels (AST and ALT) improve over time?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Why does Hepatomegaly occur?

A

Due to the Necroinflammatory Response within the Liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Why does Splenomegaly occur?

A

Due to the Backlog of Blood Pressure (Portal Hypertension) from the Liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What Flu-like Symptoms can a patient present with? And why?

A

Fever, Malaise, Rigors, Sweating - Due to the internal damage of the Liver

17
Q

What investigations are Required in Autoimmune Hepatitis?

A
  1. Liver Function Test (and Biochemistry)
  2. Haematological Investigation
  3. Auto-antibody Investigation
  4. Biopsy
18
Q

What is Tested in a Liver Function Test (and Biochemistry)?

A

Liver Function Test:

  1. Serum Albumin
  2. Prothrombin Time

Liver Biochemistry:

  1. Bilirubin
  2. Alkaline Phosphatase
  3. Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase
  4. Aminotransferases:
    a) Aspartate Aminotransferase
    b) Alanine Aminotransferase
19
Q

What would be seen in a Liver Function Test (and Biochemistry) of a patient with Autoimmune Hepatitis?

A
  1. High Serum Aminotransferases
  2. Elevations in Serum Bilirubin and Alkaline Phosphatase
  3. High Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase
  4. High Prothrombin Time
20
Q

What is the Haematological Investigation looking for?

A

Mild Normochromic, Normocytic Anaemia, with Thrombocytopenia and Leukopenia

21
Q

What are the 2 Types of Auto-antibody which can cause Autoimmune Hepatitis?

A
  1. Type 1

2. Type 2

22
Q

What do Type 1 Auto-antibody’s consist of?

A
  1. Anti-Nuclear Antibodies (ANA)
  2. Anti-Smooth Muscle Antibodies (Actin)
  3. Anti-Soluble Liver Antigen (Anti-SLA)
23
Q

What do Type 2 Auto-antibody’s consist of?

A

Anti-Liver/Kidney Microsomal (Anti-LKM-1)

24
Q

What is the purpose of the Biopsy?

A

To see how far the Changes of Autoimmune Hepatitis have occurred

25
Q

What type of drugs are used to treat Autoimmune Hepatitis?

A

Steroids (Immunosuppression)

26
Q

Which Drugs are used in the Treatment of Autoimmune Hepatitis?

A
  1. Prednisolone
  2. Budesonide
  3. Azathioprine
27
Q

What type of Drug is Azathioprin?

A

A Steroid Sparing Agent

28
Q

When can Cirrhosis occur due to Autoimmune Hepatitis?

A

At a late stage

Clinical Alimentary System (64 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions