2.4. Gastric Disease - Gastric Outlet Obstruction Flashcards
What are the main causes of Gastric Outlet Obstruction?
- Gastric Ulceration
- Gastric Cancer
- Gastric Stricture
What is the Pathology of Gastric Outlet Obstruction?
There is an Obstruction of the Pyloric Canal and so foodstuff cannot pass into the Duodenum easily for further digestion
What are the Clinical Signs of Gastric Outlet Obstruction?
- Dehydration
- Loss of H+ and Cl-
- Metabolic Alkalosis
- Electrolyte Deficiency
- Renal Impairment
Why can Dehydration occur?
Due to the lack of Digestion and Blockage, there is little water obsortion
Why is there a loss of H+ and Cl-?
Due to these being present in the Vomit and not being reabsorbed later in the G.I. Tract
Why will Metabolic Alkalosis occur?
Due to the loss of the H+ ions in the Vomit
Which Electrolytes will be deficient?
- Chloride
- Sodium
- Postassium
Why can Renal impairment occur?
Due to the low electrolyte levels
What symptoms would a patient with Gastric Outlet Obstruction present with?
- Vomiting
- Fatigue
- Malnutrition
Why does the Vomiting occur?
Due to the foodstuff not being properly released into the Duodenum
Why does the Fatigue / Malnutrition occur?
Due to the lack of energy as no Nutrients are being absorbed in the Duodenum
What investigation is Necessary for Gastric Outlet Obstruction?
Upper G.I. Endoscopy + Biopsy
What is the Treatment of Gastric Outlet Obstruction?
- Endoscopic Dilatation
2. Surgery
What is Endoscopic Dilatation?
Essentially it is Stenting the Blockage
