People Flashcards
his experiments and subsequent theories relating to social conformity had a profound influence on the field of social psychology
Solomon Asch
contemporary psychologist who studied social learning and modeling; Bobo Doll Experiment; emphasized that behavior is guided by a combination of drives, cues, responses, and rewards
Albert Bandura
played a significant role in the development of the first IQ test; studied capability of school-age children
Alfred Binet
American psychologist who added more components to Binet’s IQ test
Lewis Terman
believed humans have an innate ability for language acquisition; emphasized critical periods
Noam Chomsky
studied how kids form their identity; believed each person progressed through eight stages of development
Erik Erikson
created first comprehensive personality theory; studied dreams; believed we are all driven by hidden desires and aggressions in our unconscious mind
Sigmund Freud
social psychologist who studied gender differences; said men are more individualistic and seek accomplishment whereas women seek relationships
Carol Gilligan
psychologist who worked with primates; best known for his studies on maternal separation and isolation, contact comfort, and attachment with rhesus monkeys
Harry Harlow
discovered feature detectors in visual cortex of brain; helped explain visual perception
David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel
father of American psychology; taught Mary Caulkins; created first psychology textbook; studied at Harvard
William James
developmental psychologist who conducted research in the field of attachment theory and developed the Strange Situation Test used to examine the pattern of attachment between a child and the mother or caregiver
Mary Ainsworth
a 20th century psychologist known primarily for his six stage theory of moral development for children
Lawrence Kohlberg
Her research on memory construction and the misinformation effect created doubts about the accuracy of eye-witness testimony
Elizabeth Loftus
Humanistic psychologist known for his “Hierarchy of Needs” and the concept of “self-actualization”
Abraham Maslow
social psychologist; conducted experiments on obedience to authority
Stanley Milgram
described process of classical conditioning after famous experiments with dogs
Ivan Pavlov
known for his theory of cognitive development in children
Jean Piaget
expounded on Pavlov’s classical conditioning; found subjects to learn the predictability of an event through trials (cognitive element)
Robert Rescorla
developed “client-centered” therapy
Carl Rogers
developed “Two-Factor” theory of emotion; states that a person must be physically aroused and cognitively label the arousal to experience emotion
Stanley Schachter
described process of operant conditioning; skinner box
B. F. Skinner
famous for the “Little Albert” experiments on fear conditioning
John Watson
famous for describing concept of language acquisition, or linguistic determinism, which states that our speech influences the way we think
Benjamin Whorf
conducted first psychology experiments in first psych laboratory
Wilhelm Wundt
studied split brain patients; showed that left/right hemispheres have different functions
Roger Sperry
won Nobel prize for research on imprinting, studied instinctive behavior in animals and discovered humans don’t imprint
Konrad Lorentz
famous for his hypnosis research; the “hidden observer” theory
Ernest Hilgard
experimented with apes and sticks and showed animals have insight; considered to be the founder of Gestalt Psychology
Wolfgang Kohler
developer of WAIS and WISC intelligence tests (modern IQ test)
David Wechsler
discovered an area of the brain (in the left temporal lobe) involved in language comprehension and expression
Carl Wernicke
discovered the part of the brain responsible for coordinating muscles involved in speech
Paul Broca
first female president of the APA (1905); a student of William James; denied the PhD she earned from Harvard because of her sex (later, posthumously, it was granted to her)
Mary Calkins
described General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)
Hans-Selye
conducted experiments with dogs that led to the concept of “learned helplessness”
Martin Seligman
used visual cliff to discover that depth perception is partially innate
Eleanor Gibson
developmental psychologist; found that an infant’s temperament is quite stable over time which explains certain behaviors
Jerome Kagan
said our experience of emotion is our awareness of our physiological response to emotion-arousing stimuli
James and Lange (emotion theory)
said an emotion-arousing stimulus simultaneously triggers physiological responses and the subjective experience of emotion
Cannon and Bard (emotion theory)
developed a personality test commonly known as MBTI test
Myers-Briggs
magician who exemplifies skepticism; questioned quackery of mind; tested and debunked a variety of psychic phenomena
James Randi
