Ch. 1

Question 1

student of Plato; believed that knowledge wasn’t innate but rather gained through experiences

Answer 1

Aristotle

Question 2

considered to be the founder of modern science because he was a pioneer of experiments, research, and data

Answer 2

Francis Bacon

Question 3

“tabula rasa” meaning clean slate; helped form the modern idea of empiricism: the view that knowledge originates in experience and that science should, therefore, rely on observation and experimentation

Answer 3

John Locke

Question 4

created the first lab with experiments in Germany in 1879

Answer 4

Wilhelm Wundt

Question 5

student of Wundt; introduced structuralism and introspection (looking inward)

Answer 5

Edward Titchener

Question 6

most influence was born from his teaching and writing at Harvard; introduced functionalism; taught Mary Caulkins; wrote the first psychology textbook; father of American psychology

Answer 6

William James

Question 7

behaviorists who redefined psychology as the study of observable behavior

Answer 7

John B. Watson and Rosalie Rayner

Question 8

concentrated on the unconscious mind

Answer 8

Sigmund Freud

Question 9

humanistic; wanted to overcome the limits of behaviorism and explore how environmental factors nurture or limit growth and the importance of having our needs for love and support met (cognitive revolution)

Answer 9

Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers

Question 10

considered to be a behaviorist and redefined psychology as the study of observable behavior; famous for his Little Albert experiment

Answer 10

John Watson

Question 11

believed that the mind and body are separate and believed that knowledge is innate

Answer 11

Plato and Socrates