Penicillins - Broad Spectrum Flashcards
What are examples of broad spectrum antibiotics?
- Amoxicillin
- Co-amoxiclav
What are common indications for broad spectrum penicillins?
- Empirical treatment for pneumonia
- Empirical for UTI
- Combination treatment for HAI or Intra-abdominal sepsis
- Combination treatment for H. pylori erdication
What are side effects of broad spectrum penicillins?
- GI upset
- Antibiotic associated colitis
- Allergy
- Cholestatic jaundice - co-amoxiclav
What are important drugs which broad spectrum penicillins interact with?
- Methotrexate
- Warfarin
What is the normal dose used for amoxicillin in an adult if given orally?
500 mg - 1g every 8 hours
What is the dose of amoxicillin that can be given in an adult by IV infusion/injection?
500 mg every 8 hours - can be increased to 1 g every 6 hours in severe infection
What would 500/125 co-amoxiclav indicate in terms of dosing of each component?
- 500 mg amoxicillin
- 125 mg clavulanic acid
What starting dose of co-amoxiclav should be given in adults if given orally?
250/125 mg every 8 hours. Can be increased to 500/125 every 8 hours
What does the addition of clavulanic acid to amoxicillin do in terms of organisms co-amoxiclav can cover?
β-lactamase inhibitor - include β-lactamase-producing bacteria (e.g. Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative anaerobes)
What monitoring should be carried out in someone getting co-amoxiclav?
LFTS - if liver disease
