Metranidazole Flashcards
When is metranidazole indicated for use?
Infections caused by anaerobic bacteria:
- Antibiotic associated colitis (c. diff)
- Oral infections
- Aspiration pneumonia
- Surgical/gynaecological infections
- Protozoal infections
How does metranidazole work against anaerobic bacteria?
Reduction of metronidazole generates a nitroso free radical - reduces synthesis and causing widespread damage, DNA degradation and cell death
What are important adverse side effects of metranidazole?
- GI upset
- Hypersensitivity
- Peripheral neuropathy
- Optic neuropathy
- Seizures
- Encephalopathy
What do you need to check when using metranidazole?
Liver function - metabolised by cytochrome P450
Why should alcohol not be consumed whilst on metranidazole?
Causes a disulfarim-like reaction - flushing, headache, nausea and vomiting
What drugs does metranidazole interact with?
- Warfarin - bleeding
- Phenytoin - toxicity
- Lithium - toxicity
What is a typical starting dose for metranidazole if given orally?
400 mg 8 hourly
What is a typical starting dose for metranidazole if given IV?
500 mg 8 hourly
What advice would you give to someone about metranidazole and alcohol?
Don’t take during or up to 48 hours after treatment - may feel very unwell with nausea, vomiting, flushing, headache
