Penicilinas Flashcards

1
Q

grupos de farmacos que pertenecen a los beta lactamicos

A

penicilinas
cefalosporinas
monobactamicos
carbapenemicos

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2
Q

Mecanismo de accion de los beta lactamicos

A

inhiben la formacion de la pared celular
activan endolisisnas
muerte de la bacteria

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3
Q

penicilinas puntos clave de la farmacocinetica

A

baja concentracion intraocular

eliminacion pricnipal por orina

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4
Q

efectos adversos de las penicilinas

A

hipersensibilidad
supresion de medula osea: granulocitopenia
hepatitis

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5
Q

sensibles a penicilasas: Penicilina G y V

usos en oftalmologia

A

atacan gram + y - asi como anaerobios
listeria, leptospira, treponema

sifilis primaria, secundaria y latente <1 año
dosis: 1 a 3 dosis x semana de 2.4 millones de UI de penicilina G benzatinica

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6
Q

penicilinas que se dan en caso de resistencia a penicilasas

A
oxacilina
cloxacilina
dicloxacilina
floxacilina
nafcilina
meticilina
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7
Q

ejemplos de aminopenicilinas

A
amoxicilina
ampicilina
bacampicilina
epicilina
pivampicilina
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8
Q

aminopanicilina de uso oftalmologico

A
ampicilina sodica
topica
subconjuntival
intravitrea
intravenosa
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9
Q

penicilinas antipseudomonas

A

carbencilina
indanilcarbecilina
ticarcilina
azlocilina

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10
Q

penicilinas antipseudomonas de uso oftalmico

A

carbenicilina disodica
ticarcilina disodica

conjuntival, topica, intravitrea e intravenosa

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11
Q

penicilinas de espectro extendido

A

mezlocilina
piperacilina

tienen efecto contra: pseudomonas, enterobacterias, basteriodes, E fecalis.

si se agrega inhibidor de betalactamasas:
S. aureus, H. influenza, B fragilis, E colli y klebsiella

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12
Q

importante del imipenem

A

Imipenem se administra con Cilastatina que actúa inhibiendo la dehidropeptidasa mejorando su absorción.

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13
Q

vida media en general de las penicilians

A

1.5 horas

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14
Q

importante de las penicilinas

A

Administrada junto con Probenecid, este inhibe secreción tubular renal de penicilinas aumentad su vida media en sangre.

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