Pelvis & perineum TC3

Question 1

What does the word pelvis mean?

Answer 1

bowl

Question 2

What is the true pelvis

Answer 2

part of pelvic cavity below the pelvic brim, where the pelvic viscera sit

Question 3

What is the false pelvis

Answer 3

expanded portion of the cavity after an in front of the pelvic brim where abdominal viscera sit

Question 4

Differences between a male and female bony pelvis?

Answer 4

Pubic arch is wider and more rounded in female than male

inferior aperature is also larger and coccyx is more movable for birth

Question 5

Boundaries of ischiorectal fossa?

Answer 5

anterior- superficial transverse perineal muscle, inferior perineal membrane of UGD

posterior- gluteus maximus

lateral- obturator internus

medial- levator ani, sphincter ani eternus

superior- levator ani

inferior- skin

Question 6

What is meant by the greater and lesser sciatic foramina?

Answer 6

Foramena are formed with sacrospinous ligament crosses the sacrotuberosity ligament

Question 7

Where is the location of the sciatic nerve and posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh

Answer 7

sciatic on the anterior surface of piriformis and leaves pelvic cavity through greater sciatic foramen inferior to piriformis where it divides into the common fibular n. and the tibial n.

Question 8

What important structures run in the lateral wall of the fossa?

Answer 8

internal pudendal artery, vein, nerve

Question 9

Boundaries of the perineum

Answer 9

Diamond shaped, Runs between point of coccyx and pubis and ischial tuberosities

Question 10

What bony landmark divides the perineum into the anal and urogenital triangles?

Answer 10

line between the ischial tuberosities

Question 11

what is the pelvic diaphragm

Answer 11

skeletal muscles: levator ani, coccygeus provides support pelvic viscera and maintenance of continence

Question 12

how many erectile bodies comprise the penis?

Answer 12

2 corpus cavernosa and one corpus spongiosum

Question 13

how many erectile bodies comprise the clitoris?

Answer 13

corpus cavernosum only

Question 14

what type of muscle is the uterus?

Answer 14

smooth

Question 15

what type of muscle is the bladder?

Answer 15

smooth

Question 16

where are the bulbospongiosus and ischiocavernosus muscles located on males and females?

Answer 16

bulbospongiosus covers the corpus spongiosum

ischoicavernosus covers the corpus cavernosum

Question 17

from which nerves do the pelvic viscera receive symp innervation?

Answer 17

lesser (T12) and lumbar splanchnics (L1-L2)

Question 18

from which nerves do the pelvic viscera receive parasymp innervation?

Answer 18

pelvic splanchnics S2-S4

Question 19

what is the danger of putting a sharp instrument into the vagina and leading to the posterior fornix?

Answer 19

can perforate the fornix, into the rectouterine pouch

Question 20

how many parts of the urethra are there in males?

Answer 20

4

1. preprostatic (internal urethral sphincter)
2. prostatic
3. membranous urethra (external urethral sphincter)
4. spongy urethra (erectile tissue, corpus spongiosum)

Question 21

how many parts of the urethra are there in females?

Answer 21

1

Question 22

why are females more susceptible to UTIs

Answer 22

shorter urethra

Question 23

what is the anatomical basis for ectopic pregnancy?

Answer 23

infundibulum and fimbrae are both intraperitoneal

Question 24

if ovarian artery is blocked, can ovary still have blood supply?

Answer 24

yes, collateral circulation through uterine artery from internal iliac

Question 25

regions of the uterus

Answer 25

fundus- top curvy part
body
internal os of cervix
cervix
external os of cervix
vagina

Question 26

what is the broad ligament

Answer 26

wide fold of peritoneum, connects the sides of uterus to walls and floor of pelvis
made of 3 parts

Question 27

what are the 3 parts of the broad ligament

Answer 27

mesometrium- mesentery of uterus
mesosalpinx- surrounds uterine tube
mesovarium- surrounds the ovary

Question 28

differences in urogenital diaphragm in males and females?

Answer 28

compressor urethrae & vaginalis in women

membranous urethra & bulbourethral glands in men

Question 29

what constitutes the fixed and mobile parts of the penis?

Answer 29

fixed- 2 crura which are proximal parts of corpora caverosa and bulb of the penis which is corpus spongiosum that are anchored to the perineal membrane

mobile- free parts of the corpus caverosa, spongiosum

Question 30

what types of muscles are the ischiocavernosus and bulbospongiosus muscles

Answer 30

skeletal m innervated by GSE and GSA from the pudendal n.

Question 31

what is the course of the pudendal nerve?

Answer 31

through greater & lesser sciatic through lateral wall of ischioanal fossa (pudendal canal)

Question 32

what are the branches of the pudendal?

Answer 32

inferior rectal
perineal
dorsal n of the penis/clitorus