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Structures > Embryo urinary tract > Flashcards

Embryo urinary tract Flashcards

1
Q

urinary tract derived from which part of mesoderm?

A

intermediate mesoderm

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2
Q

3 sets of embryonic kidneys

A
  1. pronephros
  2. mesonephros
  3. metanephros
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3
Q

pronephros

A

week 4
cervical region
transitory, nonfunctional

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4
Q

metanephros

A

late week 4
temporary function
includes nephrotomes, mesonephric ducts and tubules

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5
Q

metanephros

A

5th week
by 12th week, most of amniotic fluid is urine
permanent kidney

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6
Q

derivatives of ureteric bud

A

ureters, renal pelvis

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7
Q

derivatives of mesonephric duct

A

collecting tubules, calices

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8
Q

urogenital ridge forms 2 things

A
  1. nephrogenic cord

2. gonadal ridge

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9
Q

metanephric mesoderm (aka blastema) derived from

A

caudal part of nephrogenic cord

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10
Q

derivative of metanephric mesoderm (aka blastema)

A

nephron- renal corpuscle, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of henle, distal convoluted

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11
Q

ureteric bud and metanephric buds undergo what kind of induction?

A

reciprocal induction

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12
Q

difference in fetal kidney appearance

A

they are lobulated

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13
Q

positional change of kidneys

A

initially in pelvis, but appear to ascend as caudal portion of embryo grows to the lumbar region

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14
Q

rotation of kidneys

A

rotate 90 degrees medially

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15
Q

blood supply of kidneys changes with ‘ascent’

A

common iliac –> renal a. off abdominal aorta

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16
Q

what divides the cloacal membrane? and what does it form in contact with the cloacal membrane?

A

urorectal septum

forms the perineal body

17
Q

ventral and dorsal divisions of cloaca?

A

ventral- urogenital sinus- mostly bladder

dorsal- rectum

18
Q

urogenital sinus derivatives

A

vesicle- bladder
pelvic- urethra
phallic- grows towards genital tubercle

19
Q

2 germ layers that contribute to bladder?

A

endoderm = epithelium

splanchnic mesoderm = smooth muscle

20
Q

trigone region?

A

where the ureters and urethra connect to the bladder and form a triangle

21
Q

continuous of bladder with allantois remains in adult as

A

the urachus –> median umbilical ligament

22
Q

positional change of bladder from infants to adults

A

from abdomen in kids to pelvis in adults

23
Q

urethra derived from which germ layers?

A 
endoderm of urogenital sinus (epithelium) 
splanchnic mesoderm (CT and smooth m.)

distal part of urethra in male derived from glandular plate which is epithelium

24
Q

adrenal glands (not part of urinary system but described bc of their relation to kidney) derived from which germ layers?

A

mesoderm - cortex

neural crest cells (ectoderm)- medulla

25
Q

layers of the adrenal medulla from superficial to deep

A
  1. zona glomerulosa
  2. zona fasciculata
  3. zona reticularis
26
Q

what do the layers of the adrenal medulla produce?

A

hormones that regulate:

  1. zona g- salt
  2. zona f- sugar
  3. zona r- sex

the deeper you go the better it gets

27
Q

size relationship of fetal adrenal glands to fetal kidneys

A

adrenal glands > kidneys

28
Q

size relationship of fetal adrenal glands to adult adrenal glands

A

fetal > adult adrenals

29
Q

renal agenesis

A

no kidney, no amniotic fluid, no muscle or lung development

characteristics called potter’s sequence

30
Q

when connection between endoderm of urethra and epithelium of glandular plate is not established

A

tissue is not obliterated- urine cannot exit body
–> no amniotic fluid because urine trapped inside body

can see bladder > head in ultrasound

lethal but can try to shunt urine from bladder to amniotic cavity

31
Q

adult derivatives of the cloaca

A

rectum, anus, urethra, bladder, distal part of vagina

32
Q

fate of the allantois?

A

connection between yolk sac and hindgut

becomes urachus aka median umbilical ligament

Structures (22 decks)

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