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Human Anatomy > Pelvis, Perineum, LE, Foot Muscles > Flashcards

Pelvis, Perineum, LE, Foot Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Quadratus Lumborum

A

O: Lumbar transv. processes

I: Iliac Crest

Innv: lumbar plexus (T-12-L4

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2
Q

Psoas Major

A

O: T12, L1-L5

I: Lesser trochanter of femur

Innv: Lumbar Plexus (L1, L2, L3)

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3
Q

Iliacus

A

O: Iliac Fossa and Crest

I: Lesser trochanter of femur

Innv: Femoral n.

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4
Q

Piriformis

A

O: Anterior sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament

I: Greater trochanter of femur

Innv: Nerve to piriformis (S1-S2)

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5
Q

Obturator Internus

A

O: Deep obturator membrane and bone

I: Greater trochanter of femur

Innv: Nerve to obturator internus

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6
Q

Obturator externus

A

O: External obturator membrane and bone

I: Greater trochanter of femur

Innv: obturator nerve

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7
Q

Superior gemellus

A

O: ischial spine

I: greater trochanter

Innv: nerve to obturator internus

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8
Q

inferior gemellus

A

O: ischial tuberosity

I: greater trochanter of femur

Innv: nerve to quadratus femoris

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9
Q

Quadratus femoris

A

O: ischial tuberosity

I: superior femur

Innv: nerve to quadratus femoris

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10
Q

Gluteus maximus

A

O: ilium, sacrum and coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament

I: ischiotibial tract, gluteal tuberosity

Innv: inferior gluteal nerve

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11
Q

Gluteus medius

A

O: external ilium

I: greater trochanter of femur

Innv: superior gluteal nerve

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12
Q

Gluteus minimus

A

O: external ilium

I: Greater trochanter of femur

Innv: superior gluteal nerve

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13
Q

Tensor fasciae latae

A

O: ASIS, iliac crest

I: IT tract to lateral condyle of tibia

Innv: superior gluteal nerve

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14
Q

Rectus femoris

A

O: AIIS

I: patella tibial tuberosity

Innv: Femoral n.

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15
Q

Vastus Lateralis

A

O: Greater trochanter of femur, lateral lip of linea aspera

I: patella, tibial tuberosity

Innv: Femoral n.

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16
Q

Vastus Medialis

A

O: intertrochanteric line, medial lip of linea aspera

I: patella, tibial tuberosity

Innv: Femoral n.

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17
Q

Vastus intermedius

A

O: femoral shaft

I: patella, tibial tuberosity

Innv: Femoral n.

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18
Q

Sartorius

A

O: ASIS

I: superior tibia

Innv: Femoral n.

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19
Q

Pectineus

A

O: superior pubic ramus

I: pectineal line of femur

Innv: femoral n.

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20
Q

Gracilis

A

O: pubis

I: tibia

Innv: obturator n.

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21
Q

adductor longus

A

O: pubis

I: middle 1/3 of linea aspera

Innv: obturator n.

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22
Q

adductor brevis

A

O: pubis

I: middle 1/3 of linea aspera

Innv: obturator n.

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23
Q

adductor magnus - adductor part

A

O: ischiopubic ramus

I: gluteal tuberosity and proximal linea aspera

Innv: obturator n.

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24
Q

adductor magnus - hamstring part

A

O: ischial tuberosity

I: adductor tubercle of femur

Innv: tibial division of sciatic n.

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25
Q

semitendinosus

A

O: ischial tuberosity

I: proximal tibia

Innv: tibial division of sciatic n.

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26
Q

semimembranosus

A

O: ischial tuberosity

I: posterior medial condyle of tibia

Innv: tibial division of sciatic n.

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27
Q

biceps femoris long head

A

O: ischial tuberosity

I: head of fibula

Innv: tibial division of siatic n.

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28
Q

biceps femoris short head

A

O: linea aspera

I: head of fibula

Innv: common fibular division of sciatic n.

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29
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

O: lateral head - lateral femoral condyle, medial head - popliteal surface of femur

I: calcaneal tuberosity

Innv: tibial n.

30
Q

Soleus

A

O: tibia, posterior fibular head

I: calcaneal tuberosity

Innv: tibial n.

31
Q

plantaris

A

O: lateral supracondylar line of femur

I: calcaneal tuberosity

Innv: tibial n.

32
Q

popliteus

A

O: lateral condyle of femur, lateral meniscus

I: proximal tibia

Innv: tibial n.

33
Q

flexor digitorum longus

A

O: medial posterior tibia

I: base of distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits

Innv: tibial n.

34
Q

flexor hallucis longus

A

O: posterior surface of fibula and IO membrane

I: distal phalanx of hallux

Innv: tibial n.

35
Q

tibialis posterior

A

O: posterior surface of IO membrane, tibia and fibula

I: navicular

Innv: tibial n.

36
Q

tibialis anterior

A

O: lateral condyle and lateral tibia, IO membrane

I: medial cuneiform, base of 1st metatarsal

Innv: deep fibular n.

37
Q

extensor digitorum longus

A

O: proximal anterior fibula and IO membrane, lateral condyle of tibia

I: middle and distal phalanges of digits 2-5

Innv: deep fibular n.

38
Q

extensor digitorum brevis

A

O: dorsal calcaneus

I: extensor expansions of digits 2-4

Innv: deep fibular n.

39
Q

extensor hallucis longus

A

O: anterior fibula and IO membrane

I: base of distal phalanx of hallux

Innv: deep fibular n.

40
Q

extensor hallucis brevis

A

O: dorsal surface of calcaneus

I: base of proximal phalanx of hallux

Innv: deep fibular n.

41
Q

fibularis tertius

A

O: inferior 1/3 of anterior fibula and IO membrane

I: base of 5th metatarsal

Innv: deep fibular n.

42
Q

fibularis longus

A

O: head and superior 2/3 of lateral fibula

I: base of 1st meditarsal and medial cuneiform

Innv: superficial fibular n.

43
Q

fibularis brevis

A

O: inferior 2/3 of lateral fibula

I: tuberosity at base of metatarsal 5

Innv: superficial fibular n.

44
Q

abductor hallucis

A

1st layer

O: calcaneal tuberosity

I: base of proximal phalanx of hallus

Innv: medial plantar n.

45
Q

flexor digitorum brevis

A

1st layer

O: calcaneal tuberosity

I: middle phalanges of digits 2-5

Innv: medial plantar n.

46
Q

Flexor hallucis brevis

A

3rd layer

O: cuboid, lateral cuneiform

I: sides of proximal phalanx of hallux

Innv: medial plantar n.

47
Q

aductor digiti minimi

A

1st layer

O: calcaneal tuberosity

I: proximal phalanx of 5th digit

Innv: lateral plantar n.

48
Q

quadratus plantae

A

2nd layer

O: plantar surface of calcaneus

I: lateral side of tendon of flexor digitorum longus

Innv: lateral plantar n.

49
Q

adductor hallucis

A

3rd layer

O: transverse head - lateral 3 MTP joints, Oblique head - bases of metatarsals 2-4

I: base of proximal phalanx of hallux

Innv: lateral plantar n.

50
Q

flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

3rd layer

O: base of 5th metatarsal

I: proximal phalanx of digit 5

Innv: lateral plantar n.

51
Q

3rd plantar interossei

A

4th layer

O: medial sides of metatarsals 3-5

I: medial sides of bases of proximal phalanges of digits 3-5

Innv: lateral plantar n.

52
Q

4th dorsal interossei

A

4th layer

O: adjacent sides of metatarsals 1-5

I: 1st - medial side of proximal phalanx of digit 2, 2-4th - lateral sides of proximal phalanges of digits 2-4

Innv: lateral plantar n.

53
Q

4 lumbricals

A

2nd layer

O: tendons of flexor digitorum longus

I: extensor expansions of digits 2-5

Innv: 1st - medial plantar n., 2nd-4th: lateral plantar n.

54
Q

Posterior Compartment of Thigh

Muscles, Origin Rules, Action rules, Innervation, Exceptions

A

Muscles: Semitendinosus, Semimembranosus, Biceps Femoris (Long and short heads),

Origin: Ischial Tuberosity

Action: Extend Hip, Flex Knee

Innervation: Tibial n.

Exceptions: Biceps Femoris Short Head (common fib. n., only flex knee),

55
Q

Posterior Compartment of Leg

Muscles, Action, Innervation, Exceptions

A

Muscles: Gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris, popliteus, Flexor digitorum longus, Flexor hallicus longus, Tibialis posterior

Actions: Plantarflex ankle, flex toes

Innervation: Tibial n. (sural cutaneous sensation)

Exceptions: Tibialis posterior (invertor), gastrocnemius, poplitius (knee flexor)

56
Q

Layer 1 foot

A

Abductor hallucis, abductor digiti mini, flexor digitorum brevis

57
Q

Layer 2 foot

A

tendon of flexor hallucis longus, tendon of flexor digitorum longus, quadratus plantae, lumbricals

58
Q

Layer 3 foot

A

flexor hallucis brevis, adductor hallucis (oblique and transverse heads), flexor digit minimi brevis

59
Q

Layer 4 foot

A

Plantar Interossei (3, PAD), Dorsal Interossei (4, DAB)

60
Q

Anterior Compartment of Thigh

Muscles, Action, Innervation, Exception

A

Muscles: Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis, Iliopsoas, Sartorius, Pectineus

Action: Flex hip, extend knee

Innv: Femoral n. (ant. cutaneous and saphenous cutaneous innv)

Exceptions: Pectineus (may receive obturator n., doesnt extend knee)

61
Q

Medial Compartment of Thigh

Muslces, Origin, Action, Innervation, Exceptions

A

Muscles: Adductor longus, Adductor brevis, Adductor magnus (Adductor part), Gracilis, Obturator Externus

Origin: Pubis

Action: Adduction of hip

Innervation: Obturator n.

Exceptions: Adductor Magnus (1/2 obturator n, 1/2 tibial n., hamstrings part extends hip), Gracilis (knee flexion), obturator externus (lateral rotation of hip)

62
Q

Anterior Compartment of the Leg

Muscles, Actions, Innervation, Exceptions

A

Muscles: Tibialis Anterior, Extensor Hallucis Longus, extensor Digitorum Longus, Fibularis Tertius

Actions: Dorsiflex Ankle, Extend Toes

Innervation: Deep fibular n.

Exceptions: Fibularis Tertius (evertor), Tibialis Anterior (invertor)

63
Q

Lateral Compartment of Leg

Muscles, Actions, Innervation

A

Muscles: Fibularis longus, Fibularis brevis,

Actions: Plantarflex ankle, evert food

Innv: superficial fibular n.

64
Q

Steps of Gait

A

Double Support 1 –> Single Support (stance) –> Double Support 2 –> Swing

65
Q

Gait: Gluteus Maximus

A

Stabilizes trunk to prevent jack-kniffing.

Lurch gait occurs via injury to inferior gluteal nerve

66
Q

Gait: Quadriceps

A

Stabilize knee during Single Support

67
Q

Gait: Gluteus medius and minimus

A

Stabilize pelvis in SS

Waddling gait occurs via injury to superior gluteal nerve

68
Q

Gait: SF Plantarflexors

A

accelerate body up and forward (push-off muscles)

69
Q

Gait: Iliopsoas

A

Initiates limb swing

70
Q

Gait: Hamstrings

A

Decelerate and reposition swinging limb

71
Q

Gait: Dorsiflexors

A

prevent toe drag in limb swing, position foot for heel strike, prevent foot drop

Steppage gait occurs via injury deep fibular nerve, lack of heel strike

Human Anatomy (17 decks)

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