Anatomy of Esophagus and Stomach Flashcards
2 muscular layers of esophagus…
internal circular
external longitudinal
Muscle fiber type in proximal 1/3 of esophagus
Skeletal muscle (voluntary control)
muscle fiber type in distal 1/3 of esophagus
smooth muscle (involuntary control)
the esophageal hiatus sits at the level of _____
T10
the esophageal hiatus sits just _______ of the midline
to the left
The point of transition/opening from esophagus to stomach is called the…
esophagogastric junction
The _____ sphincter encircles the cardial orifice…
cardiac
The cardial orifice sits to the left of midline at the _______ vertebra
T11
The EG junction is marked by a transition from ______ epithelium to _______.
Stratified squamous (esophagus) to simple columnar (stomach)
The circopharyngeus muscle forms the ________ sphincter
upper esophageal sphincter (cervical constriction)
This landmark delineates the pharyngoesophageal junction
UES/circopharyngeus
The thoracic constriction of the esophagus occurs where?
level of aortic arch and left main bronchus
The diaphragmatic constriction (aka LES) is formed by the …
diaphragm
4 parts of the stomach in order…
cardia, fundus, body, pyloric (antrum & canal)
The notch between the cardia and the more superior fundus is called the…
cardial notch (angle of his)
The pylorus is a thickened layer of what muscle type?
circular smooth muscle
While supine, the pyloric part of the stomach is located at what spinal level?
L1
When standing, the pylorus is located at what spinal level?
L2-L4
Rugae of the stomach are most obvious where? (2)
- greater curvature
2. pylorus
The deepest tissue layer of the stomach…
gastric mucosa
The layer of tissue just superficial to the gastric mucosa (stomach) is called the…
muscularis externa
3 layers of stomach’s muscularis externa from deep to superficial…
oblique, circular, longitudinal
Describe the location of the lesser omentum…
lesser curvature and proximal duodenum to liver
The greater omentum originates at the greater curvature of the stomach, and is composed of how many layers of peritoneum?
4 layers
Three organs which run posteriorly to the stomach…
pancreas, spleen, transverse colon
2 organs which run along anterior stomach…
left lobe of liber, diaphragm
Parasympathetic innervation of the stomach is derived from branches of…(2)
anterior and posterior vagal trunk
This nerve is derived from the esophageal plexus and formed by the left vagus n.
anterior vagal trunk
anterior vagal trunk innervates…(3)
liver, duodenum, anterior stomach
This nerve is derived from the esophageal plexus and formed by the right vagus n.
posterior vagal trunk
Sympathetic innervation of the stomach is composed of…
T6-T9 to Greater Splanchnic n. to Celiac ganglia
Lesser curvature blood supply… (2)
Right gastric a.
left gastric a.
Greater curvature blood supply (2)
right gastro-omental (gastroepiploic)
left gastro-omental (gastroepiploic)
Fundus and body of stomach recieve blood from (2)
short gastric a.
posterior gastric a.
Lymph from stomach’s upper 2/3 drain to…
gastric nodes pancreaticosplenic nodes (superior body)
lymph from the lower 1/3 of the stomach along the lesser curvature drains to the…
pyloric nodes
lymph from the lower 1/3 of the stomach along the greater curvature drains to the…
pancreaticoduodenal nodes
The lymph from the stomach ultimately drains to which group of lymph nodes?
celiac nodes
