pelvis and hip muscles and jts Flashcards
What is the link btween axial skel (trunk) and lower extremties?
pelvic girlde
What region assists w/ motion, stability, and shock absorption and helps distribute body weight evenly to the lower extremties?
pelvic girdle
What bones make up pelvic girdle?
sacrum and innominate (os coxae)
What bones make up the innominate bone?
fused ilium, ischium, and pubis on each side
what is the largest pelvic bone??
ilium
what ligaments bind to create the SI jt?
ant, post, and interosseous ligaments
what ligaments form a strong dense joint capsule?
iliofemoral, pubofemoral, and ischiofemoral ligaments form a strong dense joint capsule that stabilizes hip jt
What ligament is an extraoridnarily strong band that checks hip extension and rotation?
Iliofemoral ligament aka Y ligament
what ligament prevents excessive abd?
pubofemoral ligament
what ligament is triangular and limits hip rot and add in flex position?
ischiofemoral ligament
what ligament of the hip is a stury band that bridges the acetabulr otch and completetes the acetabular ring of the hip jt?
transverse acetabular ligament
what ligament is ligament of femoral head?
ligamentum teres ligament
what ligament ties the head of femur to the acetabulum, providing reinforcement from w/in the jt?
ligamentum teres ligament
what jt connects the sacrum to ilium on each side and is a gliding jt?
SI jt
what jt connects each side of pelvic girdle anteriorly AND IS AMPHIARTHRODIAL?
pubic symphysis
hip jt is formed by what articulation?
The hip jt is formed by the articulation of the proximal femur (femoral head) w/ the acetabulum of pelvis.
what is femoral head covered w/
hyaline cartilage except at forvea capitis
The acetabulum is aligned with what>
hyaline cartilage
what is a fibrocartilaginous “lip” that adds depth to the acetabulum and serves as a cushion for femoral head?
acetabular labrum
ant-pelvic tilt
pubic symphysis moves inferiorly, lumbar spine extends and hips flex, results in an increased lumbosacral angle
post-pelvic tilt
pubic symphysis moves superiorly, lumbar spine flexes, hips extends, results in decreased lumbosacral angle
lateral tilt
occurs in frontal plane, and rotation of pelvis occurs in axial plane
what muscles are involved with ant pelvic tilt?
contraction of hip flexors and lumbar extensors
hat muscles are involved with post pelvic tilt?
hip extensors and lumbar flexors
lateral tilt muscles involved
contraction of lateral lumbar muscles, hip abd-add muscles, and axial rot happens at hip and spinal rotator muscles
Ant muscles of hip
iliopsoas, pectineus, rectus femoris, sartorius, and TFL
what muscles make up the iliospoas?
iliacus and psoas major
iliospoas muscle group is strong what muscle action?
hip flexor
describe the Pectineus muscle
small muscle that attaches the anterior pubis to the posteromedial side of the proximal femur
Pectineus assists in what muscle action>
hip flexion, add, internal rot
Rectus Femoris Muscle Action
RF = Hf + Ke
RF origin
AIIS or Anterior inferior iliac spine
RF insertion
tibial tuberosity via patella ligament
what is the longest muscle in body?
sartorius
describe sartorius
a 2 jt muscle that is long
sartorius origin
ASIS or Anterior Superior iliac spine
sartorius insertion
medial tibial surface (pes anserinus)
sartorius muscle action
flexes, abd, and ext rot hip and also assists in knee flexion
TFL orgin
anterior iliac crest of ilium
TFL insertion
anterolateral tibial condyle via long band fascia called IT band
TFL muscle action
abd, flexes hip, and stabilizes hip agst ext rot when hip is flexed and aLSO assists w/ extension and stabilization of knee
Medial muscles of pelvis and hip region
gracilis and adductors longus, brevis, and magnus
medial muscles of hip primarily cuase what muscle action
hip add
What medial muscles of hip variably participate in hip flex?
adductor longus and brevis, and upper fibers of add magnus
What medial muscles of hip variably participate in hip ext?
lower fibers of add magnus
What medial muscles of hip variably participate in hip medial rotation?
add longus, brevis, and magnus
medial muscle of hip origin
pubis
adductors medial muscles insertion
linea aspera of femur
gracilis insertion
tibia (pes anserine)
gracilis may assist w/
knee flexion
pectin may assist w/
hip add
post muscles of hip include what?
glute max, medi, mini; 6 deep lateral rotators (piriformis, gemellus superior and inf, obturators internus and externus, and quadratus femoris), and hamstrings
Glute max origin
ilium, sacrum, and coccyx
glute max insertion
gluteal tuberosity, located on the lateral aspect of femur
glute max is a powerful what action
glute max is powerful extensor of hip
glute max muscle action
powerful hip extensor, lateral rot, abd, and lower fibers may particiapate in add
glute med and mini muscle action
abd, and medial rot of hip, and vital postural msucels to keep pelvis level during locomotion
glutes origin
external surface of ilium
glutes insertion
greater trochanter of femur w/ most deep laTERAL rotators
hamstrings muscle action
H = He +Kf
Biceps femoris long head origin
ischial tuberosity
biceps femoris short head origin
proximal femur
biceps femoris insertion
lateral tibial condyle and fibular head
biceps femoris long head muscle action
extends hip, flex knee, and causes lateral rot at both jts
biceps femoris short head muscle action
only works on knee to yield knee flexion
SM/ ST muscle action
extend hip, flex knee, and internally rotate both hip and knee
SM/ ST origin
ischaial tuberosity
SM/ST insertion
medial aspect of tibia
