Peds - Respiratory

Question 1

epiglottitis

Answer 1

inflammation of epiglottis, restricts airway, caused by infection (bacterial) usually Heamophilus influenzae type B, is a medical emergency

Question 2

epiglottitis S&S

Answer 2

fever, difficulty, drooling, stridor, tripoding, no cough, change in LOC, cherry red epiglottis

Question 3

4 D’s of epiglotitis

Answer 3

Dysphagia
Dysphonia
Drooling
Distress

Question 4

Epiglotitis interventions

Answer 4

IV abx, humidified oxygen, intubation and mechanical ventilation, keep child calm, do not irritate throat, NPO, tripod position, avoid supine, Hib vaccine to reduce incidence

Question 5

Bronchiolitis

Answer 5

inflammation of the bronchioles, RSV, thick mucus clogs up bronchioles, leads to decrease gas exchange in alveoli, usually viral, very contagious

Question 6

bronchiolitis S&S

Answer 6

cough, fever, increased WOB, lung sounds, hypoxia, change in behaviour

Question 7

bronchiolitis tx

Answer 7

oxygenation (always humidified), fluid and nutrition, antipyretics, analgesics

Question 8

croup

Answer 8

laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB), viral respiratory tract illness resulting in inflammation of larynx and/or trachea

Question 9

croup S&S

Answer 9

“bark-like” cough, hoarse cough, stridor, chest wall retractions, runny nose, fever, symptoms often worsen at night

Question 10

croup tx

Answer 10

corticosteroids, epinephrine via nebulizer, keep client calm and decrease anxiety levels as agitation can lead to respiratory distress

Question 11

cystic fibrosis

Answer 11

autosomal recessive disorder, mucus causes obstructions throughout body: bronchi, small intestines, pancreatic ducts, bile ducts

Question 12

cystic fibrosis dx

Answer 12

meconium is thicker and stickier than normal creating a blockage and first stool does not pass

sweat chloride test: sweat is collected and analyzed for increased levels of chloride

Question 13

cystic fibrosis S&S

Answer 13

excessive mucus, frequent respiratory infections, hypoxemia, clubbing, barrel chest, cyanosis, intestinal obstruction, meconium ileus, large bulky frothy foul smelling stool, fat soluble vitamin deficiency, diabetes, elevated chloride in sweat, tastes salty, males are infertile

Question 14

cystic fibrosis tx

Answer 14

airway clearance, chest physio, monitor for infections and treat with abx, oxygen as needed, bronchodilators, promote nutrition and growth, high calorie and high protein diet, increase fluid intake, monitor weights, pancreatic enzymes given within 30mins of eating every meal and snack, fat soluble vitamin replacement (A, D, E, K)