Peds III Flashcards
What is cerebral palsy?
Static motor encephalopathy due to an insult to the developing brain in the first 3 years of life
True or false: kids with cerebral palsy usually have other neurologic problems, like seizures, developmental delay, cognitive delay, etc.
True
What is the usual presentation of cerebral palsy?
Peripheral hypertonia and axial hypotonia
What are the four classifications of cerebral palsy?
- Spastic hemiplegia
- Spastic diplegia
- Spastic quadriplegia
- Dyskinetic CP
What is the spastic hemiplegia form of cerebral palsy? Which limbs are usually involved? What causes it?
One side of the body is affected, and usually the arm more than the leg.
Cause by a unilateral perinatal stroke
What is the spastic diplegic form of cerebral palsy? What causes it?
Both legs are only affected. Usually seen in premature infants with periventricular leukomalacia
What is the spastic quadriplegia form of cerebral palsy?
All extremities are affected
What is the dyskinetic form of cerebral palsy? What causes it?
Athetoid
Choreo Athetoid
Dystonic
What are the skin problems that can occur with CP kids?
Skin ulcers
What are the GI problems that can occur with CP kids?
Constipation
Poor feeding
GERD
FTT
What are the orthopedic problems that can occur with CP kids?
Hip dislocation
Scoliosis
What are the respiratory problems that can occur with CP kids?
Aspiration pneumonia
Chronic lung disease
What are the neurological problems that can occur with CP kids?
Epilepsy
Vision and hearing deficits
-sleep disturbances
-Cognitive delay
What is the treatment for CP kids?
Individualized multidisciplinary team
What is the incidence of migraines in kids?
5%
What gender is usually affected more with migraines in childhood/adolescence?
Females
What are the characteristics of migraines?
Recurrent headaches accompanied by n/v and photophobia
What aggravates and alleviates the HA with migraines?
- Physical activity worsens
- Sleep cures it
Are migraines usually bilateral or unilateral in children?
Bilateral, but progresses unilaterally as they grow older
What is the most common type of migraine in children?
Migraine without aura
What are the complicated type of migraines? (4)
- Hemiplegic migraine
- Basilar migraine (vertigo)
- Ophthalmoplegic migraine (oculomotor palsy)
- Confusional migraine
What should always be obtained with complicated migraines in children?
MRI
What is the treatment for migraines in children?
OTC NSAIDs, or triptans if severe
What is the antiemetic medication of choice for migraines in children?
Zofran (ondansetron)