Introduction Flashcards
What are the 7 factors that comprise the neuro exam?
- mental status
- CNs
- Motor
- Sensory
- Reflexes
- Coordination
- Gait
What are DTRs?
Reflexes– no such thing as “deep”
What are the three factors that are used to evaluate mental status?
- Alertness and orientation
- Language and speech/function
- Memory, knowledge, concentration
What are the four levels of mental status?
- Alert
- Drowsy
- Stupor
- Coma
What is a normal MME exam score?
30
What is aphasia?
Disorder of language (brain issue)
What is Dysarthria?
Disorder of speech/motor function
What percent of left handed people are left brain dominant?
60%
What percent of right handed people are left brain dominant?
99% ish
What are the two categories of aphasia?
- Fluent
- Non-fluent
What is the general cause of most aphasias (generally)?
Cortical disturbances
What is expressive and receptive aphasia?
Expressive = fluent Receptive = non-fluent
What are the three steps of determining the aphasia in a patient?
- Listening
- Three step command
- Ability to name and repeat
What in particular should be noted with the fundoscopic exam for neurology?
Lateral margin for evidence of elevation
Defects in CNs point toward what type of problem?
Brainstem lesions
Do you wiggle the fingers with visual field exams?
No
What is the best way to evaluate for consensual response to light?
Swinging light test
What are the two types of nystagmus?
- Horizontal or rotatory
- vertical
What type of nystagmus is almost always pathologic?
Vertical
Why is the forehead spared with a stroke, but not Bell’s palsy?
Dual innervation of the CN VII to the forehead, and Bell’s palsy is a lesion in the LMN
How is bulk assessed in testing motor function?
Visual inspection (atrophy or not)
What are the three factors that should be inspected for muscle weakness?
- Tone
- Bulk
- Strength
What does pronator drift assess for?
Slight weakness
What are the 3 and 2 of the motor scale?
3 = FROM against gravity 2 = FROM with gravity eliminated
