pediatrics

Question 1

down syndrome asociations

Answer 1

advanced maternal age
upslanted eyes
single palmar crease
general hypotonia
atlantoaxial instability
duodenal atresia
hirschprung disease
congenital heart disease(AV canal malformation)
ALL
hypothyroidism
earley-onset alzheirmer disease

Question 2

antibiotic eye drops

Answer 2

DOES NO PREVENT CHLAMYDIA conjuntivitis

Question 3

hepatitis B vaccionation in new born
healthy mother
HBsAg(+)

Answer 3

healthy mother: Hep B vaccione

HBsAg(+): HBIG + HepB vaccine

Question 4

cephalohematoma

Answer 4

subperiosteal, does not cross

Question 5

caput succedaneum

Answer 5

swelling of soft tissues , does cross

Question 6

most common diaphragmatic hernia

Answer 6

Bochdalek(left posterolateral)

Question 7

most common cause of increase AFP

Answer 7

incorrect dating

Question 8

increase AFP causes

Answer 8

neural tube deffects and abdominal wall defects

Question 9

failure of GI sac to retract at 10-12 weeks

Answer 9

omphalosele(associated with edwards Sx)

Question 10

surgical infication for umbilical hernia

Answer 10

after 4 years

Question 11

most common abdominal mass in children

Answer 11

Wilms tumor

• do a US
• most accurate Contrast CT

Question 12

WAGR syndrome

Answer 12

wilms tumor
aniridia
Genitourinary malformation
mentar RETARDATION
CHROMOSOME 11 deletion

Question 13

orchipexy indication

Answer 13

after 1 year, to decrease sterility

Question 14

most common congenital heart lession

Answer 14

VSD

Question 15

health child with holosystolic murmur and failure to thrive

Answer 15

VSD

-EKG will show right ventricular hypertrophy

Question 16

VSD synthomatic treatmetn

Answer 16

digoxin and diuretics

Question 17

most common complication of PDA

Answer 17

high ocurrence of respiratory infections

infective endocarditis

Question 18

transpositions of the great vesels

Answer 18

egg on string

Question 19

snow man on chest x ray

Answer 19

total anomalous pulmonary return

Question 20

most common complication of esophageal atresia

Answer 20

aspiration pneumonia

Question 21

exchange transfusion in hyperbilirrubinemia in neonates

Answer 21

> 20-25mg/dL

Question 22

recurrent aspiration pneumonia in a baby

Answer 22

tracheoesophageal fistula

Question 23

choanal atresia assosiation

Answer 23

CHARGE

coloboma
heart defects
atresia  of the choanae
retardation of growth and/or development
genital and/or urinary defects( hypogonadism)
ear anomalies or deasfne

Question 24

anal atresia associated syndrome

Answer 24

VACTERL

• Vertebral anomalies
• Anal atresia
• Cardiovascular anomalies
• Tracheoesophageal fistula
• Esophageal atresia
• Renal anomalies
• Limb anomalies

Question 25

doughnut or target sign

Answer 25

intussuception

Question 26

NEC antibiotic

Answer 26

vancomycin,getamicin and metronidazol

Question 27

periventricular calcifications with microencephaly,chorioretinitis

Answer 27

CMX

tx:ganciclovir

Question 28

petechiae
echymoses
bledding gums

Answer 28

scurvy(vit c deficiency)

Question 29

diarrhea,dermatitis,dementia

Answer 29

pellagra(Vit b3 deficiency)

Question 30

total anomalous pulmonary venous return CXR finding

Answer 30

snowman or 8 sign.

Question 31

pansystolic murmur in child

Answer 31

VSD

Question 32

pathological jaundice in the new born

Answer 32

• first day of life
• more than 5mg/dL/day
• bilirubin rises above 19.5 mg/dL in term child
• Direct bilirubin rises above 2 mg/dL at any time

Question 33

best initial step fpr pyloric stenopsis

Answer 33

abdomina ultraosun

most accurate test: upper GI series

Question 34

intussusception treatmetn

Answer 34

fluid resuscitation ,NGT decompression, followed by barium enema.

Question 35

arthritis,fever murmur

Answer 35

rheumatic fever