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USMLE step2 > Gastroenterology > Flashcards

Gastroenterology Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Chronic Hepatitis B treatment

A

Any of:

  • Adefovir
  • Lamivudine
  • telbivudine
  • Entecavir
  • Tenofovir
  • Interferon
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2
Q

Chornic Hepatitis C treatment
Genotype 1:
genotype 2 and 3:

A

Genotype 1:ladipasvir adn sofusbuvir

Genotype 2 and 3: sofusbuvir and rabavirin

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3
Q

Prmary biliary cirrhosis antibodies

A

Antimitochondrial Ab

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4
Q

Autoinmune hepatitis

A

Anti smooth muscle Ab

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5
Q

Serum-ascites albumin gradient

A

> 1.1g/dL

  • portal hypertention
  • CHF
  • Hepatic vein thrombosis
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6
Q

spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
TX?
prophylacti?

A

Tx:ceftriaxone or cefotaxime
prophylactic: norfloxacin or TMP/SMX

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7
Q

when and what Abx is indicated in pancreatitis

A

> 30% necrosis, add imipenem or meropenem

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8
Q

Ulcerative colitis Ab

A

ANCA

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9
Q

chron Ab

A

ASCA

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10
Q

Alarm symptoms indication for endoscopy

A

weight loss
blood in stoll
anemia

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11
Q

when to add platelets to treatment

A

active bleeding

or PTL very low( below 10,000-20,000)

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12
Q

Low osmotic gap diarrhea

A

100 mOsm/kg

  • celiac disease
  • whipple disease
  • pancreatic insufficiency
  • laxative abuse
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13
Q

isolated hyperbilirrubinemia DDX

A

UNCONJUGATED
-overproducton(hemolytic or anemia)
-defective conjuntation(gibert or crigler-Najjar)
CONJUGATED
-Dubin-Johnson Sx(hyperpigmentet hepatocytes)
-Rotor Sx

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14
Q

gastrointestinal bleeding treatment

A

fluis,blood,platelet,plasma,PPI+ ENDOSCOPY

osctreotide->if variceal bleeding

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15
Q

esophageal varices treatment

A

octreotide
bands
propanolol
TICS(transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunting)

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16
Q

ACUTE hep C treatmen

A

interferon + ribavirina(tox:anemia)+ telapravir or boceprevir

17
Q

msot accurate test for sclerosing cholangitis

A

ERCP

18
Q

fatigue, itching, normal bilirubin with elevated alkaline phophasate, XANTELASMAS and OSTEOPOROSIS
Dx:
TX:

A

Primary biliary cirrhosis

  • most accurate test: biosy
  • most accurate blood test: antimitocondrial antibodies
  • tx:ursodesoxicolic acid|
19
Q

plummer-vison association

A

iron deficiency anemia
esophageal webs
squamous cell cancer

20
Q

manometry is the most accurate test for the following deseases

A
  • achalasia
  • apasm
  • scleroderma
21
Q

GERD

A

DO NOT SCOPE

-PH monitoring is the most accurate test

22
Q

most accurate test for PUD

A

upper endoscopy with BIOPSY

23
Q

best initial therapy for H.pylory

A

FIRTS LINE:clarithro and amoxi with PPI

24
Q

gastric ulcer doesnt get better after treatment

A

do a endoscopy EXCLUDE CANCER

25
Q

Duodenal ulcer doesnt get better after treatment

A

persistent H.pylori switching the Abx to metronidazol and tetracycline

26
Q

scope patients with dyspepsia

A
  • patient over 55 y

- alarm symptoms(dysphagia,weight loss,anemia)

27
Q

most accurate test for Gastrinoma

A

-persistent high gastrin leves despite injecting secretin

IF HYPERCALCEMIA LOOK FOR MEN(multiple endocrine neoplasia)

28
Q

platelet transfusion indication in GI bleeding

A

platelets below 50 000 AND CURRENT BLEEDING

29
Q

treatmetn for metronidazol resistent C.diff

A

vancomycin or Fidaxomicin

30
Q

malapsorption diarrhea

A
  • celiac
  • chronic pancreatitis
  • tropical sprue
  • whipple disease(PAS positive macropages)
31
Q

only way to distinc between chronic pancreatitis and gluten sensitive enteropathy

A

CELIA DISEASE HAS IRON DEFICIENCY

32
Q

treatment of choice for whipple disease

A

ceftriaxone followed by TMP/SMZ

33
Q

lactose intoleranse , H braath test

A

positive

34
Q

when to screen IBD

A

8-10 years of colonic involvement(YERLY)

35
Q

IBD treatment
acute:
chronic

A
  • acute:prednisone or bodesonide
  • -azathioprine adn 6mercaptopurine are used to wean patients off steroids.
  • chronic:mesalamine
36
Q

perineal crohn

A

cipro and metronidazol

37
Q

worst prognosis criteria for acutte pancreatitis

A

low calcium

38
Q

most accurate test for hemochromatosis

A

abdominal MRI and HFE (C282y)gene testing

39
Q

most accurate test for wilsons disease

A

abnormally increase amount of copper excretion into the urine after giving penicillamine

USMLE step2 (21 decks)

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