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USMLE step2 > obstetrics > Flashcards

obstetrics Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

fetal heart tones

A

doppler= week 10

also it is the same week in witch B-hCG peaks

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2
Q

Gestational Sac

A

visible at week 5 by vaginal ultrasound

B-hCG=1000-1500

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3
Q

prenatal visits
week 0-28=
weeks 29-35=
weeks 36-birth=

A

week 0-28= every 4 weeks
weeks 29-35=every 2 weeks
weeks 36-birth= every week

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4
Q

CMV

A

petechial rash + periventricular calcificacions
(toxoplamosis calcificacions are intracranial calcifications and no rash)

TOXOPLASMOSIS

  • hydrocephalus
  • intracranial calcifications
  • chorioretinitis
  • Ring-enhancing lesions on MRI
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5
Q

fetal cardiac tone

A

US=6-7 weeks

doppler=10 week

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6
Q

nonviable pregnancy

A

gestational sac >25mm without a fetal pole or absence of fetal cardiac activity when CRL>7mm on transvaginal ultrasound

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7
Q

early deceleration

A

head compression

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8
Q

late deceleration

A

uteroplacental insufficiency and fetal hypoxemia

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9
Q

variable deceleration

A

umbilical cord compression

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10
Q

biophysical profile

Test the Baby MAN

A
  • fetal Tone
  • fetal Breathing
  • fetal Movement
  • Amniotic fluid volume
  • Nonstress test
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11
Q 
confirmatory 3 hour (100mg) glucose test (GTT)
values
fasting=
1h=
2h=
3h=
A

fasting=>95
1hour=>180
2hour=>155
3hour=>140

2 or more is positive

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12
Q

MILD PRECLAMSIA

A

BP>140/90 on two occasions>6 hours apart.
proteinuria(>300mg/24h or 1 to2 + urine dispsticks)
edema

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13
Q

SEVERE PRECLAMSIA

A

BP 160/110 in tow occasions>6 hours apart

PROTEINURIA >5g/24hours or 3-4 + urine dipsticks) or oliguria(

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14
Q

polyhydramnios

A

AFI>25

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15
Q

oligohydramnios

A

AFI

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16
Q

breastfeeding contraindications

A

HIV infection
Active HBV and HCV
somo drugs(tetracyclines,chloramphenicol)

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17
Q

morning sickness causes

A

increase in beta-HCG

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18
Q

first sign of pregnancy

A

goodell sign (4 weeks) softening of the cervix

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19
Q

gestational sack shoul be seen with what level of B-HCG

A

1500 IU/mL and 5 week

20
Q

metotrexate contraintidications in ectopic pregnancy

A 
fetal heartbeat
ectopic is 3.5 or larger
hepatotoxicity
noncompliant patient
inmmunodeficiency
21
Q

prolonged rupture of membrane

A

> 24h before delivery

22
Q

PROM prophilaxis

A

ampicilina + azithromycin

if alergic to peniciline change it for cefazolin or clindamicin.

23
Q

early decelerations

A

head compression

24
Q

variable decelerations

A

umbilical cord compression

25
Q

late decelerations

A

fetal hypoxia

26
Q

prolongated latent stage

A

> 20h for primipara

>14 h for miltipara

27
Q

first symptom of pregnancy in women with regular menstruation

A

amenorrhea

28
Q

chloasma

A

16 weeks

29
Q

linea nigra in pregnancy

A

second trimester

30
Q

pregnancy quickening

A

16-20 weeks

31
Q

cervica culture for chlamydia and gonorrhea, as wellas culture for group B strep

A

36 weeks

  • treatment if positive (chlamydia and gonorrhea)
  • prophylactic antibioic during labor
32
Q

abortion definition

A

before 20 weeks or a fetus less than 500gr.

33
Q

septic abortion treatino

A

D & C and IV antibioitcs(levoflox and metronidazol)

34
Q

labor should NOT be stopped with tocolytics and delivert should occur

A
  • severe preclamsia
  • maternal cardiac diseas
  • maternal cervical dilation of more than 4 cm
  • maternla hemorrhage
  • fetal death
  • chorioamnionitis
35
Q

corticosteroid indication in pregnancy

A

from 24-34 weeks

36
Q

tocolytic of choise

A 
Mg sulfate (CHECK FOR DEEP TENDON REFLEXES)
-TOX:flushing,headaches,diplopia and fatigue, WATHC OUT can lead to respiratory arrest.
37
Q

when does a patient is considered sensitized for RH

A

titer leve more than 1:4

38
Q

antibody titer greater than 1:16 in a mother

A

do regular amniocentesis, if hematocrit is low perform an intrauterine transfusion

39
Q

macrosomia

A

over4500gr

40
Q

most dangerous decelerations

A

Late decelerations

Fetal hypoxemia,uteroplacental insufficiency

41
Q

variable compressions

A

umbilicar cord compression

42
Q

prolonged latend stage

A

more than 20 in promipara
longer thant 14 hours multipara

TX:REST AND HYDRATATION

43
Q

protracted cervical dilatation(slow dilatatation during active phae)

A

less than 1.2 in primipara

less than 1.5 per hour in multipara

44
Q

when to perform external cephalic version

A

after week 36

45
Q

endometritis treatment

A
  • genta-clinda (for anaerobeous)

* if fever spikes add ampicilin, if allergic use metronidazol

46
Q

1 hour 50g glucose load test ,abnormal value

A

-above 140 , DO A TOLERANCE TEST(100gr)

47
Q

fetal acidemia on fetal scalp sampling (below 7.2)

A

immediate delivery

USMLE step2 (21 decks)

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