Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

USMLE step2 > nephro > Flashcards

nephro Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

ATN

drugs vs contrast

A
  • Constras its instant(PRERENAL lab valued on Na and osmolarity with ATN BUN:creatinite relation)
  • —BUN:Cr(
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

ATN

asossiated drugs

A 
vancomycin
aminoglycosides
cisplatin
acyclovir
cyclosporine
amphotericin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

hepatorenal labs

A

prerenal azoemia

  • BUN/cre(>20:1)
  • FeNA500 mOsm/kg
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

contrast induced Lab values

A

BUN/Cr

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

AIN drugs

A 
Penicillins
Sulfas
phenytoin
PPI
Rifampin
quinolones
allopurinol
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

fever
hematuria
sudden onset of flank pain
NSAID use antecedent

A

papillary necrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

TTP association

A 
HIV
cancer
cyclosporine
ticlopidine
clopidogrel
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

TTP treatment

A

plasmapheresis
if not present give FFP
DO NOT GIVE STEROIDS OR PLATELETS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

psychogenic polydipsia assiation

A

bipolar disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

SIADH sx Treatment
asymptomatic
confusion:

A

normal saline + DIURETIC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

hyperkalemia . best next step?

A 
do EKG
if EKG changes
give
-Ca gluconate
-Ca chloride
-insuline
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

persistent WBC on UA with negative culture…

A

can be TB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

useful to detect eosinophils in urine

A

Wright and Hansel

-the answer for allergic interstitial nephritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Hematuria DDX

A
  • stones
  • hematologic disorders
  • infection
  • cancer
  • treatment(cyclophosphmide)
  • trauma
  • GLOMERULONEPHRITIS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

dysmorphic red cells

A

GLOMERULONEPHRITIS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

hematuria with out infection or trauma

A

DO a Cystoscopy ( for cancer exclusion)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

retroperitonela fibrosis

A

bleomycin,methylsergide or radiation

POSTRENAL AZOEMIA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

most common cause of intrinsic renal disease

A

ATN

  • NSAID(MOST COMMON)
  • aminoglycoside,amphotericin
  • cisplatin, cyclosporine.
19
Q

enlargement of the bladder and massive diuresis after foley

A

specific for urinary obstruction

20
Q

best imagen test for AKI

A

Renal sonogram

21
Q

Medication for renal failure prophilaxis PRIOR chemotherapy

A
  • Allopurinol
  • Rasburicase
  • Hydratation
22
Q

rhabdomyolysis

A

UA positive for blood cells,no cell will be seen on microscopic examination

23
Q

hepatorenal syndrome treatment

A

midodrine
octreotide
albumin

24
Q

most accurate test in papillary necrosis(pyelonephritis like but negative culture)

A

CT scan(abnormal internal structures)

25
Q

most common cause of acute glomerulonephritis in USA

A

Berger Disease

26
Q

nephrotic syndrome in cancer

A

membranous

27
Q

nephrotic syndrome in injection and AIDS

A

focal-segmental

28
Q

best initial test for DI

A

water deprivation test, the most accurate is ADH ADMINISTRATION TEST

29
Q

hyponatremia(hypervolemia,euvolemia,hypovolemia)

with Hypervolemia

A

Cirrhosis
nephrosis
CHF

30
Q

hyponaremia with hypovolemia

A
  • pseudohyponatremia(hyperglycemia)
  • psychogenic polydipsia(12-24 L/day)
  • hypothyroidism
  • SIADH
31
Q

for every 100 of glucose above abnormal, there ir a …… decrease in sodium

A

1.6

32
Q

mental disease associated with psychogenic polydiosia

A

bipolar disorder

33
Q

if K does not correct …

A

check for hypoMg

34
Q

nephrolithiasis

A

pass spontaneosly

35
Q

stones7-7mm

A

nifedipine and tamsolusin

36
Q

stones from 0.5cm to 3

A

lithotripsy

37
Q

most effective lifestyle modification for hypertension

A

WEIGHT LOSS

38
Q

best inital therapy for hypertensive crisis

A

Labetalol or nitroprusside

39
Q

metabolic acidosis with hyperkalemia

A

RTA 4

40
Q

dysmorphic or RBC cast

A

glomerular disease

41
Q

alport syndrome most accurate test

A

SKIN biopsy

42
Q

non anion gap hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis

A

look for a RTA

43
Q

RTA type 1 cause

A
  • amphotericina B
  • analgesic nephropathy
  • multiple myeloma
  • obstruction of the urinary tract
44
Q

RTA type 2 causes

A

-fanconi syndrome

USMLE step2 (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions