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USMLE step2 > Hematology > Flashcards

Hematology Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Aplasic anemia related drugs

Can Make New Blood Cels Properly

A 
carbamazepine
metimazol
Nsaids
Benzeno
cloranfenicol
propylthiouracyl
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2
Q

ALL treatment adults and kids

A 
Adults: CAVD
-cyclofosfamida
-adriamicina
-vincristina 
-dexamentasona
KIDS: DVP
-daunorrubicina
-vincristina
-Prednisona
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3
Q

tyrosine kinase inhibitors

A

CML treatment:

  • nilotinib
  • nasatinib
  • imatinib
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4
Q

iron deficiency RDW vaile

A

RDW its increased

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5
Q

thalassima has elevelated

A

reticulocytes(only 3-gene deletion)

Hg H

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6
Q

first step in macrocytic anemia

A

peripheral smear

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7
Q

methylmalonic acid elevation

A

B12 deficiency

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8
Q

spherocytes DDx

A

Autoinmune hemolysis: coombs +

spherocytosis: coombs -

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9
Q

causes of Autoinmune Hemolysis

warm or IgG

A 
CLL
Lymphoma
SLE
Drugs:
-penicillin
-alpha mehyl dopa
-rifampin
-phenyotin
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10
Q

cold agglutinin disease association

A

EBV
waldenstrom macroglobulinemia
Mycoplasmas Pneumoniae

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11
Q

TTP cause and treatment

A

ADAMTS 13 deficiency

treat with plasmapheresis

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12
Q

aplastic anemia treatmet

50 years old

A

50 years old
-antithymocyte globulin and cyclosporine

alemtuzumab(anti cd52)

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13
Q

tumor lysis syndrome prophylaxis

A

allopurinol and rasburicasae

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14
Q

most effective treatment for CML

A

blood marrow transplant

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15
Q

pancytopenia with increased MCV, nucleated red cells,

A

myelodysplastic syndrome

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16
Q

5q deleteion on MDS

A

give lenalidomide

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17
Q

pelger-huet cells

A

bilobulated neutrophils assoaciated with MDS

18
Q

CLL stages and treatmen

A 
stage 0=elevated WBC
stage 1= lymphadenopathy
stage 2=hepatosplenomegaly
stage3=anemia
stage4=thrombocytopenia

TREAT STAGE 3 and 4 or symptomatic:

  • fludrarabine
  • cyclophosphamide
  • rituximab
19
Q

HCL CD and treatment

A

CD11c

cladribine or pentostatin

20
Q

best inital step for NHL

A

excisional biopsy

21
Q

NHL treatment

A

LOCAL DISEASE=radio and chemo
-ADVANCED DISEASE=stage III and IV any B symptoms
CHOP + rituximab (cyclophosphamide,hydroxydaunorubicin,oncovin,predni)

22
Q

hodgkin disease treatment

A

ABVD

  • Adriamycin
  • Bleomycin
  • vinblastine
  • Dacarbazine
23
Q

Myeloma multiple AB

A

IgG and IgA

24
Q

first step in myeloma

A

Xray of affected bone

25
Q

most common cause of dead in myeloma

A

renal failure and infection

26
Q

most effective treatment for myeloma in pt under 70

A

autologos bone marrow transplant

27
Q

myeloma inital treatmen

A

DEXAMETHASONE with lenalidomide,bortezomib or both

28
Q

waldenstrom macroglobulinemia

A

IgM hyperviscosity sign

treat with plasmapheresis.

29
Q

ITP treatmetn

A

steroids
severe bleeding(GI/CNS)IVIG, anti rho
recurrent episodes==>splenectomy

30
Q

pancytopenia

A
  • aplastic anemia(fat in marrow)
  • acute leukemia(blast in marrow)
  • MDS(normal bonemarrow)
31
Q

when to give packed red blood cells

A
  • if patient is symtomatic

- hematocrit below 30 in elderly or one with heart disease

32
Q

ora iron chelators

A

deferiprone and deferasirox

33
Q

what lower mortality in sickle cell disease

A
  • hydroxyurea in prevention

- antibiotics with fever

34
Q

TTP associations

A
  • ticlopidine
  • clopidogrel
  • cyclosporine
  • AIDS
  • SLE
35
Q

single most accurate test for myeloma

A

bone marrow biopsy ALWAYS do it after induction chemo with lenalinomide and steroids

36
Q

hemolytic anemias

A
  • siclke cell disease(reticulocyte always high)
  • hereditary spherocytosis
  • autoinmune hemolysis
  • cold agglutinin disease
  • G6PD deficinecy
  • HUS and TTP
  • paroxystical nocturnal hematuria
37
Q

most accurate test for polycythemia vera

A

test for JAK2

38
Q

most acurate test for acute leukemia

A

flow cytometry

39
Q

most acurate test for CML

A

PCR or FISH look for BCR-ABL mutation

40
Q

most common NHL

A

difuse large B-cell (14;18)

41
Q

treatment of HIT

A

step heparin

give: fondaparinux,argatroban,lepirudin,bivalirudin

USMLE step2 (21 decks)

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