Hematology Flashcards
Aplasic anemia related drugs
Can Make New Blood Cels Properly
carbamazepine metimazol Nsaids Benzeno cloranfenicol propylthiouracyl
ALL treatment adults and kids
Adults: CAVD -cyclofosfamida -adriamicina -vincristina -dexamentasona KIDS: DVP -daunorrubicina -vincristina -Prednisona
tyrosine kinase inhibitors
CML treatment:
- nilotinib
- nasatinib
- imatinib
iron deficiency RDW vaile
RDW its increased
thalassima has elevelated
reticulocytes(only 3-gene deletion)
Hg H
first step in macrocytic anemia
peripheral smear
methylmalonic acid elevation
B12 deficiency
spherocytes DDx
Autoinmune hemolysis: coombs +
spherocytosis: coombs -
causes of Autoinmune Hemolysis
warm or IgG
CLL Lymphoma SLE Drugs: -penicillin -alpha mehyl dopa -rifampin -phenyotin
cold agglutinin disease association
EBV
waldenstrom macroglobulinemia
Mycoplasmas Pneumoniae
TTP cause and treatment
ADAMTS 13 deficiency
treat with plasmapheresis
aplastic anemia treatmet
50 years old
50 years old
-antithymocyte globulin and cyclosporine
alemtuzumab(anti cd52)
tumor lysis syndrome prophylaxis
allopurinol and rasburicasae
most effective treatment for CML
blood marrow transplant
pancytopenia with increased MCV, nucleated red cells,
myelodysplastic syndrome
5q deleteion on MDS
give lenalidomide
pelger-huet cells
bilobulated neutrophils assoaciated with MDS
CLL stages and treatmen
stage 0=elevated WBC stage 1= lymphadenopathy stage 2=hepatosplenomegaly stage3=anemia stage4=thrombocytopenia
TREAT STAGE 3 and 4 or symptomatic:
- fludrarabine
- cyclophosphamide
- rituximab
HCL CD and treatment
CD11c
cladribine or pentostatin
best inital step for NHL
excisional biopsy
NHL treatment
LOCAL DISEASE=radio and chemo
-ADVANCED DISEASE=stage III and IV any B symptoms
CHOP + rituximab (cyclophosphamide,hydroxydaunorubicin,oncovin,predni)
hodgkin disease treatment
ABVD
- Adriamycin
- Bleomycin
- vinblastine
- Dacarbazine
Myeloma multiple AB
IgG and IgA
first step in myeloma
Xray of affected bone
most common cause of dead in myeloma
renal failure and infection
most effective treatment for myeloma in pt under 70
autologos bone marrow transplant
myeloma inital treatmen
DEXAMETHASONE with lenalidomide,bortezomib or both
waldenstrom macroglobulinemia
IgM hyperviscosity sign
treat with plasmapheresis.
ITP treatmetn
steroids
severe bleeding(GI/CNS)IVIG, anti rho
recurrent episodes==>splenectomy
pancytopenia
- aplastic anemia(fat in marrow)
- acute leukemia(blast in marrow)
- MDS(normal bonemarrow)
when to give packed red blood cells
- if patient is symtomatic
- hematocrit below 30 in elderly or one with heart disease
ora iron chelators
deferiprone and deferasirox
what lower mortality in sickle cell disease
- hydroxyurea in prevention
- antibiotics with fever
TTP associations
- ticlopidine
- clopidogrel
- cyclosporine
- AIDS
- SLE
single most accurate test for myeloma
bone marrow biopsy ALWAYS do it after induction chemo with lenalinomide and steroids
hemolytic anemias
- siclke cell disease(reticulocyte always high)
- hereditary spherocytosis
- autoinmune hemolysis
- cold agglutinin disease
- G6PD deficinecy
- HUS and TTP
- paroxystical nocturnal hematuria
most accurate test for polycythemia vera
test for JAK2
most acurate test for acute leukemia
flow cytometry
most acurate test for CML
PCR or FISH look for BCR-ABL mutation
most common NHL
difuse large B-cell (14;18)
treatment of HIT
step heparin
give: fondaparinux,argatroban,lepirudin,bivalirudin
