Pediatrics

Question 1

MC type of tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF). Dx?

Answer 1

Esophageal atresia with distal TEF (85%)

-Unable to pass NG tube

Question 2

Not contraindications to vaccination

Answer 2

Mild illness and/or low-grade fever, current abx, prematurity

Question 3

Tests to r/o shaken baby syndrome

Answer 3

Ophthalmologic exam, CT, and MRI

Question 4

A neonate has meconium ileus

Answer 4

CF or Hirschprung’s dz

Question 5

Bilious emesis within hours after the first feeding

Answer 5

Duodenal atresia

Question 6

2 mo baby presents with non-bilious projectile emesis. What are the appropriate steps in management?

Answer 6

Correct metabolic abnormalities. Then correct pyloric stenosis with pyloromyotomy.

Question 7

MC 1˚ immunodeficiency

Answer 7

Selective IgA deficiency

Question 8

Infant has a high fever and onset of rash as fever breaks. What is he at risk for?

Answer 8

Febrile szs (roseola infantum)

Question 9

Immunodeficiency: boy has chronic respiratory infxns, (-) nitroblue tetrazolium test

Answer 9

Chronic granulomatous dz

Question 10

Immunodeficiency: child has eczema, TCP, and high IgA levels

Answer 10

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome

Question 11

Immunodeficiency: 4 mo M has life-threatening pseudomonas infxn

Answer 11

Bruton’s X-linked agammaglobulinemia

Question 12

Acute-phase tx for Kawasaki dz

Answer 12

• High-dose ASA for inflammation and fever

- IVIG to prevent coronary a. aneurysms

Question 13

Tx for mild and severe unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia

Answer 13

Phototherapy (mild) or exchange transfusion (severe)

Question 14

Sudden onset of mental status changes, emesis, and liver dysfcn after taking ASA

Answer 14

Reye’s syndrome

Question 15

Child has loss of red light reflex. Dx?

Answer 15

Suspect retinoblastoma

Question 16

Vaxs at a 6 mo WCC

Answer 16

HBV, DTaP, Hib, IPV, PCV

Question 17

Tanner stage 3 in a 6 yo F

Answer 17

Precocious puberty

Question 18

Infxn of small AWs with epidemics in winter and spring

Answer 18

RSV bronchiolitis

Question 19

Cause of neonatal RDS

Answer 19

Surfactant deficiency

Question 20

Condition a/w red “currant jelly” stools

Answer 20

Intussusception

Question 21

Congenital heart dz that causes 2˚ HTN

Answer 21

Coarctation of the ao

Question 22

1st line tx for otitis media

Answer 22

Amox x 10d

Question 23

MC pathogen causing croup

Answer 23

Parainfluenza virus type 1

Question 24

Homeless child small for age with peeling skin and swollen belly

Answer 24

Kwashiorkor (protein malnutrition)

Question 25

Defect in an X-linked syndrome with mental retardation, gout, self-mutilation, and choreoathetosis

Answer 25

Lesch-Nyhan syndrome (purine salvage problem with HGPRT deficiency)

Question 26

Newborn F has a continuous “machinery murmur”

Answer 26

Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)

Question 27

Nontender abdominal mass a/w elevated VMA and HVA

Answer 27

Neuroblastoma