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FA Step 2 Rapid Review > Heme/Onc > Flashcards

Heme/Onc Flashcards

1
Q

Elderly M with hypochromic microcytic anemia is asxic. Dxic tests?

A

FOBT and sigmoidoscopy; suspect CRC

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2
Q

Precipitants of hemolytic crisis in pts with G6PD deficiency

A

Sulfonamides, antimalarial drugs, fava beans (“HEMOLYSIS IS D PAIN And No Fun”)

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3
Q

MC inherited cause of hypercoagulability

A

Factor V Leiden mutn

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4
Q

MC inherited bleeding d/o

A

von Willebrand’s dz

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5
Q

MC inherited hemolytic anemia

A

Hereditary spherocytosis

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6
Q

Dxic test for hereditary spherocytosis

A

Osmotic fragility test

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7
Q

Pure RBC aplasia

A

Diamond-Blackfan anemia

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8
Q

Anemia a/w absent radii and thumbs, diffuse hyperpigmentation, café au lait spots, microcephaly, and pancytopenia

A

Fanconi’s anemia

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9
Q

Meds and viruses that lead to aplastic anemia

A

Chloramphenicol, sulfonamides, radiation, HIV, chemo, hepatitis, parvovirus B19, EBV

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10
Q

How to distinguish polycythemia vera from 2˚ polycythemia

A
  • Both: increased Hct and RBC mass

- Polycythemia vera: normal O2 sat, low EPO levels

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11
Q

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) pentad

A

“FAT RN”: Fever, Anemia, TCP, Renal dysfcn, Neurologic abnlities

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12
Q

HUS triad

A

Anemia, TCP, acute renal failure

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13
Q

Tx for TTP

A
  • Emergent large-volume plasmapheresis
  • Corticosteroids
  • Antiplatelet drugs
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14
Q

Tx for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) in kids

A
  • Usually resolves spontaneously

- May require IVIG and/or corticosteroids

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15
Q

Which of the following are increased in DIC: fibrin split products, D-dimer, fibrinogen, plts, Hct

A
  • Elevated: fibrin split products, D-dimer

- Decreased: plts, fibrinogen, Hct

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16
Q

8 yo M presents with hemarthrosis and increased PTT with normal PT and bleeding time. Dx? Tx?

A
  • Dx: hemophilia A or B

- Tx: consider desmopressin (for hemophilia A) or factor VIII or IX supplements

17
Q

14 yo F presents with prolonged bleeding after dental surgery and with menses. Nl PT, nl or increased PTT, and increased bleeding time. Dx? Tx?

A
  • Dx: von Willebrand’s dz

- Tx: desmopressin, FFP, or cryoprecipitate

18
Q

4 causes of microcytic anemia

A

“TICS”: Thalassemia, Iron deficiency, anemia of Chronic dz, and Sideroblastic anemia

19
Q

60 yo AAM presents with b. pain. W/u for multiple myeloma might reveal ___.

A

Monoclonal gammopathy, Bence Jones proteinuria, “punched-out” lesions on XR of skull and long bb.

20
Q

Reed-Sternberg cells

A

Hodgkin’s lymphoma

21
Q

10 yo M presents with fever, wt loss, and night sweats
Exam: anterior mediastinal mass
Suspected dx?

A

Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

22
Q

Microcytic anemia with

  • Decreased: serum iron, TIBC
  • Normal or increased: ferritin
A

Anemia of chronic dz

23
Q

Microcytic anemia with

  • Decreased: serum iron, ferritin
  • Increased: TIBC
A

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA)

24
Q

80 yo M presents with fatigue, LAD, splenomegaly, and isolated lymphocytosis. Suspected dx?

A

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)

25
Q

Lymphoma equivalent of CLL

A

Small lymphocytic lymphoma

26
Q

Late, life-threatening complication of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)

A

Blast crisis (fever, b. pain, splenomegaly, pancytopenia)

27
Q

Auer rods on blood smear

A

Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)

28
Q

AML subtype a/w DIC

A

M3

29
Q

Lyte ∆s in tumor lysis syndrome

A
  • Decreased: Ca2+

- Increased: K+, phosphate, uric acid

30
Q

Tx for AML M3

A

Retinoic acid

31
Q

50 yo M presents with early satiety, splenomegaly, and bleeding. Cytogenics show t(9;22). Dx?

A

CML

32
Q

Heinz bodies

A

Intracellular inclusions seen in thalassemia, G6PD deficiency, and post-splenectomy

33
Q

AR d/o with a defect in the GPIIbIIIa platelet R and decreased plt aggregation

A

Glanzmann’s thrombasthenia

34
Q

Virus a/w aplastic anemia in pts with sickle cell anemia

A

Parvovirus B19

35
Q

25 yo AAM with sickle cell anemia has sudden onset of b. pain. Management of pain crisis?

A
  • O2
  • Analgesia
  • Hydration
  • Transfusion (if severe)
36
Q

Significant cause of morbidity in thalassemia pts. Tx?

A

Iron overload. Tx with deferoxamine.

FA Step 2 Rapid Review (17 decks)

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