Infectious Disease Flashcards
4 s/sxs of streptococcal pharyngitis
Fever, pharyngeal erythema, tonsillar exudate, lack of cough
Non-suppurative complication of streptococcal infxn that is not altered by tx of 1˚ infxn
Postinfectious glomerulonephritis
Asplenic pts are particularly susceptible to these organisms
Encapsulated organisms: pneumococcus, meningococcus, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella
of bacteria on a clean-catch specimen to dx a UTI
10^5 bacteria/mL
Which healthy population is susceptible to UTIs?
Pregnant F. Tx this group aggressively bc of potential complications.
Pt rom California or Arizona presents with fever, malaise, cough, and night sweats. Dx? Tx?
- Dx: coccidiomycosis
- Tx: amphotericin B
Nonpainful chancre
1˚ syphilis
“Blueberry muffin” rash is characteristic of what congenital infxn?
Rubella
Meningitis in neonates: Causes? Tx?
- Causes: GBS, E. coli, Listeria
- Tx: gent and amp
Meningitis in infants: Causes? Tx?
- Causes: Pneumococcus, meningococcus, H. flu
- Tx: cefotaxime and vanco
What should always be done prior to LP?
Check for increased ICP; look for papilledema
CSF findings: (L) glucose, PMN predominance
Bacterial meningitis
CSF findings: nl glucose, lymphocytic predominance
Aseptic (viral) meningitis
CSF findings: numerous RBCs in serial CSF samples
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)
CSF finding: increased gamma globulins
MS
Initially presents with a pruritic papule with regional LAD; evolves into a black eschar after 7-10 days. Tx?
Cutaneous anthrax. Tx with pen G or cipro.
Findings in 3˚ syphilis
Tabes dorsalis, general paresis, gummas, Argyll Robertson pupil, aortitis, ao root aneurysm
Characteristics of 2˚ Lyme dz
Arthralgias, migratory polyarthropathies, Bell’s palsy, myocarditis
Cold agglutinins
Mycoplasma
24 yo M presents with soft white plaques on his tongue and back of his throat. Dx? W/u? Tx?
- Dx: candidal thrush
- W/u: include HIV test
- Tx: nystatin oral suspension
Begin PJP prophy in HIV+ pt at what CD4 count? Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare (MAI) prophy?
- PJP: ≤200 (with TMP-SMX)
- MAI: ≤50-100 (with clarithromycin/azithromycin)
RFs for pyelonephritis
Pregnancy, vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), anatomic anomalies, indwelling catheters, kidney stones
Neutropenic nadir post chemo
7-10 days
Erythema migrans
Lesion of 1˚ Lyme dz
Classic physical findings for endocarditis
Fever, heart murmur, Osler’s nodes, splinter hemorrhages, Janeway lesions, Roth’s spots
Aplastic crisis in sickle cell dz
Parvovirus B19
Ring-enhancing brain lesion on CT with szs
Taenia solium (cysticercosis)
Organism: branching rods in oral infxn
Actinomyces israelii
Organism: painful chancroid
Haemophilus ducreyi
Organism: dog or cat bite
Pateurella multocida
Organism: gardener
Sporothrix schenckii
Organism: pregnant F with pets
Toxoplasma gondii
Organism: meningitis in adults
Neisseria meningitidis
Organism: meningitis in elderly
Strep pneumo
Organism: alcoholic with PNA
Klebsiella
Organism: “currant jelly” sputum
Klebsiella
Organism: infxn in burn victims
Pseudomonas
Organism: osteomyelitis from foot wound puncture
Pseudomonas
Organism: osteomyelitis in a sickle cell pt
Salmonella
55 yo M who is a smoker and heavy drinker presents with a new cough and flu-like sxs. Gram stain: no organisms. Silver stain of sputum: GNRs. Dx?
Legionella PNA
Middle-aged M presents with acute-onset monoarticular jt pain and b/l Bell’s palsy. Likely dx? How did he get it? Tx?
- Dx: Lyme dz
- Ixodes tick
- Tx: doxycycline
Pt develops endocarditis 3 weeks after receiving a prosthetic heart valve. What organism is suspected?
S. aureus or S. epidermidis
3 MCC of fever of unknown origin (FUO)
Infxn, CA, autoI dz
