Endocrinology Flashcards
Lab findings in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
High TSH, low T4, antimicrosomal Abs
Exophthalmos, pretibial myxedema, and decreased TSH
Graves dz
MCC of Cushing’s syndrome
- MCC: iatrogenic corticosteroid administration
- 2nd MCC: Cushing’s dz
Pt presents with signs of hypocalcemia, high phosphorus, and low PTH
Hypoparathyroidism
“Stones, bones, groans, psychiatric overtones”
S/sxs of hypercalcemia
Pt c/o H/A, m. weakness, and polyuria.
Exam: HTN and tetany.
Labs: hypernatremia, hypokalemia, and metabolic alkalosis.
1˚ hyperaldosteronism (d/t Conn’s syndrome or b/l adrenal hypeplasia)
Pt presents with tachycardia, wild swings in BP, H/A, diaphoresis, AMS, and a sense of panic
Pheo
Should alpha- or ß-blockers be used 1st in treating pheo?
Alpha-blockers (phentolamine and phenoxybenzamine)
Pt with a h/o lithium use presents with copious amounts of dilute urine
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (DI)
Tx of central DI
- Administration of DDAVP decreases serum osmolality
- Free H2O restriction
Post-op pt with significant pain presents with hyponatremia and normal volume status
SIADH d/t stress
Anti-diabetic agent a/w lactic acidosis
Metformin
Pt presents with weakness, N/V, wt loss, and new skin pigmentation.
Labs: hyponatremia and hyperkalemia.
Tx?
1˚ adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s dz).
Tx with replacement glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and IVF
Goal HbA1c for DM pt
Less than 6.5 or 7
Tx of DKA
Fluids, insulin, and aggressive replacement of electrolytes (ex: K+)
